4. Uri ben-David, flourished in the middle of the 17th century, was rabbi at Polnow, in Lithuania, and wrote !l"nS1 "HX, an exegetical and allegorical commentary on the Pentateuch, with additions of Sam. El. Edeler (Lublin, 1672). See Wolf, Bibl Hebr. i, 131 , iii, 84.
5. Uri ha-Kohen, rabbi at Metz, wrote halachic dis- cussions, haggadic dissertations, and discourses, under the title of rnsi-Q nrbn (Metz, 1793).
6. Uri ben- A . Lou; of Breslau, is the author of, 0^i"I"2 D'£ -,a Hebrew-German Dictionary (Dyrhenfurt, 1773) : — H'TIX "^pb, in two parts, the first gives the six hundred and thirteen precepts according to the Penta- teuch , the second, under the title T^Etl DS!"IS, con- tains these precepts in a metrical form (ibid. 1812).
7. Uri ben-Simeon, of Beelen, who lived in the middle of the 16th century, published m3X!l DW, remark- able epitaphs of pious and distinguished Israelites in Palestine, written for pilgrims. After it had been pub- lished by an anonymous author in 1537, Uri Phobus recast the whole, and published it in 1564 at Safed, after having visited and seen himself the different places. It was then published again in Venice in 1599, and often. It was translated into Latin by Hottinger, in his Cippi Hebraici (Heidelberg, 1659-1662) , into French by Car- moly (in Revue Orient. [Brussels, 1843-1844] iii, 85-99) : — ni?, a Calendarium, which has been translated into Latin by Jac. Christmann, under the title Calendarium Palestinorum et universorum Judmorum ad annos 40 sup- puiatum, auctore Uri fil. Sim. Judcco Paldstino, nunc primum ex sermone Hebrcco in Latinum conversum, ac scholiis utilibus maximeque necessariis illustratum (Frankf. a. M. 1594). See Wolf. Bibl. Ihbr. i, 133 sq. , iii, 84 sq. , Fiirst, Bibl. Jud. iii, 95 sq. (B. P.)
Phocas, a Christian martyr of the early Church, flourished as bishop of Pontus in the 3d century. He was condemned to death for his refusal to sacrifice to Neptune, and was put to death by being first cast into a hot limekiln, and afterwards thrown into a scalding bath (Fox, p. 16).
Another martyr of the same name flourished near the opening of the 4th century. He was put to death in A.D. 303. He was inserted in the list of martyrs in the days of the emperor Constantine. This Phocas is to the Greek Christians the Castor and Pollux of an- cient Greece, and mariners revere his memory and pray for his intercession. He is commemorated by the Ro- manists July 14.
Phocas, Jonx, a noted Eastern monastic, flour- | ished at Crete near the middle of the 12th centurv. !
He is especially distinguished by his description of a visit to Palestine, which work is entitled "E.x<ppaaic tv (tvi'uxJsh tujv cnr' 'Avrioyf <«c juf voi 'lepooXvfitov koo- rpiuv Kai \wpiov 2i;pi«c, ^oiviki]c Kai twv Kara Ua- Xaiorivriv ayiatv tottwv (ed. Gr. et Lat. Leo Allatius, Colon. 1653). This is a most important contribution to the department of Biblical geography, and is prized even in our day. See Smith, Diet, of Gr. and Pom. Biog. ii, 601.
Phcebadius, an eminent prelate of the 4th cen- tury, flourished as bishop of Agen, in Gaul. He was living in 392, when Jerome wrote his Catalogue, but was then in extreme old age. He is noted as the author of Liber contra Arianos (published in Bibl. Mux. Pair, iv, 300; Bibl. Pair. Gall, v, 250; Athanasii Dialogi, v, 1570, 8 vo).
Phce'be (<t>oi/3);, radiant), a deaconess of the Church at Cenchreae, recommended to the kind atten- tion of the Church of Rome by Paul, who had received hospitable treatment from her (Rom. xvi, 1"). A.D. 55. Her name occurs first in the long list of Christian men and women of whom express mention is there made. For the most part these were persons who had been pre- viously known to Paul, and had some connection with him in his apostolic labors, but were at the time resid- ing in Rome. Phoebe, however, was in the neighbor- hood of the apostle, probably still in Cenchrese, and was on the eve of setting out for Rome — on what business it is not said ; but that she had something of impor- tance in hand is evident from the request of the apostle, that the Christians at Rome would "receive her in the Lord, and assist her in whatever business she had need of them" (ver. 2). See Pail. It is probable that she was the bearer of the Epistle to the Romans. See Ro- mans, Epistle to. " What is said of her is worthy of especial notice, because of its bearing on the question of the deaconesses of the Apostolic Church. On this point we have to observe, (1) that the term diaicoroQ, here applied to her, though not in itself necessarily an official term, is the term which would be applied to her if it were meant to be official; (2) that this term is ap- plied in the Apostolical Constitutions to women who ministered officially, the deaconess being called t) Si- ukoi>oq, as the deacon is called 6 Sidicovog; (3) that it is now generally admitted that in 1 Tim. iii, 11 Paul applies it so himself; (4) that in the passage before us Phoebe is called the Su'ikovoc of a particular Church, which seems to imply a specific employment; (5) that the Church of Cenchrea?, to which she belonged, could only have been a small Church : whence we may draw a fair conclusion as to what was customary, in the mat- ter of such female ministration, in the larger churches ;