Under this class we may also include ttJ*,X, Ish, "man," with which several names are compounded. Another, but a smaller, class consists of names com- pounded with 52, Am, "people," resembling the many Greek compositions with Xcioc and cijpog ; and just as in Greek c"iipoQ is placed first or last (Demosthenes, Aristodemos), so also A m is at one time found in the first, and at another in the last place; only that, ac- cording to the laws of the Shemitic language, the sense of one of these positions is exactly the reverse of the
PPOPEK NAMES
G32
pkopp:p names
other. As all these compounds must be conceived to be in the state construct, bo likewise we are probably to take the names Zl'Z~". Jeroboam, properly "people's increaser," a suitable name lor a prince, and DSSD^ Jashobeam, "people's turner" or "leader;" lor. as was above, the simple names are often formed with a prefixed jod; and we actually find ~"T^. ./ttx/iul, as a simple uame in Numb, xxvi, 29; 1 Chron. vii, 1. Many compound names endeavor to express a re-
gain, Raggi (Numb, xxvi. 15); ri'z--. Muhullemeth, i. e. I'ia (2 Kings xxi. 19), besides D5CB, MeshuUam, Pius (1 Chron. v, 18; viii. L7), and ms^ia, SMomit^, Friederike (Numb. xxiv. 11 ), besides ~~V:;. Shelomok, Friederich. But we musl not overlook the fact that all thea an instances ol simple names; or of those also in which the masculine has already dropped the second member; for ( ibananl and Zabdl, as is shown below, are
ligious sense, and therefore contain the divine name, shortened from Chananjab, Zabdljah: no single i -..nu- ll, re we at the same time find a new law of format ion : pie occurs from a compound man's name. As thi same as these compounds are intended to express a complete compound nam. -. how< v< r, are sometimi - ua d both for thought, such as the religious sentiment requires, a men and women, and as even those very names are ap- name may consist of an entire proposition with a verb, pned to women which could not orurinally have been
u..*. ,.r « — -„.. :„ «« i._:„r ~ _~ :i.i- . i :..... .
but of course in as brief a compass as pos>ilile; and in deed shorter compounds are made with a verb than with a passive participle, as 5X:r:. Nathanael (in the N w Test NaBavafjk, properly "God-gave," i.e. whom ( lod gave, given by God, BtoSoroc or ( >>■ Swpoc), sounds shorter than ;X':"r:. Nethumel, with the par- ticiple, which woidd certainly express the same sense. Bui since the finite verb, as also any other predicate, can jusl as well precede as follow, accordingly a great free- dom in the position of the divine name has prevailed in this class; and this peculiarity is preserved, in the same case, in the following period: but indeed the Greeks use SwpoZtuc as well as 9t6S<i>pog. Thus biOt}3, Kethaneel (1 Chron, ii, 14), or ir:"::x. Elnathan (Je'r. xxxvi, 12). The two names are there generally assigned to two different persons; nevertheless, both combina- tions may form names for the same person, as b&t^BS, Ammiel (1 Chron. iii, o), aud WlpS, L'liam (2 Sam. xi, 3), belong to the same individual.
applicable to any but men. as A!>i:/<ii/, Achi cordingly we musl assume that the plastic power ol the language had already exhausted itself in thi- remote province, and that, for that reason, the distinction of the feminine was omitted.
II. Symbolical Import of Proper Names. As the name was the "sign" of ttie thing, it expressed a- mar- ly as possible its character; it was the expression of the impression winch was produced by the thin- named on the beholder. The truer the expression was to the im- pression, and the truer the impression was to the object, the more nearly did the name represent the thing named. Hence the name in Hebrew is used to signify tie col- lected attributes or characteristics of the object named. This is particularly the case with the divine name. •'The Lord descended in the cloud and proclaimed the name of the Lord. Ami the Lord passed by him and proclaimed, The Lord, the Lord God, merciful and gra- cious,"' etc. (Exod. xxxiv). where all these terms furnish but the exegesis of the word nuiin . The use is similar
3. Lastly, manv proper names have assumed the de- I in the New Test- ' ,lir L"r<1 BaJ's< " l have mauifl sted rivative syllable -i, or -at (which appears to be onlj di- "'>' """" '""" tne mpn whicn thou -:1X ' M me '"" "f
alectically different from -i, and is chiefly frequent in
tin. later periods) ; and we must certainly consider that. in some cases, this syllable may possibly form mere ad- jectives, ami therewith simple names, as ^p-CX. Amit- tai, "trneman," from PttX, Emeth, "truth," and Bar- zillai, " Iron," or " Ironman," the name of a celebrated Gileadite family (Ezra ii, »'>1 ; •-' Sam. xvii, 27); or that it is derived from a place, as ''"IRS!, Beeri (Hos. i. 1 : 1 Chron. vii, 36), "he of the well." or he of a place known as the well. But it undoubtedly very often also ex- presses a genealogical relation, like the Creek ending -«";/r, and presupposes a previous proper name from wdiich it is derived; thus the. name "1"l!li"l, Ihtri (1 Chron, v, 14), as surely presupposes the above-men- tioned Chiir. as the Greek I'hilippides does l'hilippos,