2. Historical and Biographical. — Brodhead, History of New York (2 vols.) ; Colonial History of New York (3 vols.); Documentary History of New York (4 vols.); David D. Demarest, D.D., Professor of Church Govern- ment and Pastoral Theology, History and Characteris- tics of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church (1 vol. 12mo, 221 pp.) ; Benjamin C. Taylor, D.D., A nnals of the Classis ami Township of Bergen (1 vol. 12mo, 479 pp.); Sprague, Annals of the Reformed Dutch Church, vol. ix, with historical introduction ; Rev. E. T. Convin, Manual of the Reformed Church in America (1 vol. 8vo; 2d ed. revised and enlarged, 1879), an invaluable work; Alex. Gunn, D.D., Memoirs of Rev. John IF. Livingston, D.D. (1 vol. 12mo) ; Magazine of the Reformed Dutch Church (1827, 4 vols.), containing a valuable series of articles by the late Rev. John B. Romeyn, D.D., on the his- tory of the Reformed Church in Holland and in this country ; Rev. John A. Todd, D.D., Memoirs of Rev. Peter Labagh, D.D. (1 vol. 12mo); E. P. Rogers, D.D., Historical Discou?ses on the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church in Albany (1858, 1 vol. 8vo, 120 pp.); Thomas De Witt, D.D., Reformed Dutch Church in New York (1857, 1 vol. 8vo, 100 pp.) ; One Hundred and Fif- tieth Anniversary of the Reformed Church in New Bruns- wick, N. J., memorial volume, Richard H. Steele, D.D., pastor (1867, 1 vol. 8vo, 222 pp.) ; Francis M. Kip, D.D., One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of the Reformed Church in Eishkill, N. Y. (1866, 64 pp.) ; Minutes of the General Synod, 1771-1870; Constitution and Digest of A cts of General Synod (revised, 1874) ; articles published in the Christian Intelligencer by Thomas De Witt, D.D., mostly from original documents procured by loan from the Classis of Amsterdam, Holland, and others from John R. Brodhead, Esq., the historian of New York ; W. Carlos Martvn, The Dutch Reformation (Amer. Tract Society, X. V.. 1870, 1 vol. 12mo); Eutaxia, or the Presbyterian Liturgies, by a Presbyterian Clergyman (New York, M. W. Dodd, 1855, 259 pp.); Rev. George R. William- son, Life of David Abeel, D.D. ; Rev. J. B. Water- bury, Life of Rev. John Scudder, M.D.; Works of Dr. Scudder and Dr. Abeel; Von Alpen, History of the Hei-
REFORMED EPISC. CHURCH 1008 REFORMED EPISC. CHURCH
delberg Catechism, translated by Prof. J. F. Berg, IU>. (Phila. 1854, 1 vol. 8vo). l>r. Berg also published sev- eral volumes mi prophecy, the Second Advent, Church and State, etc.; Centemiial Discourses, a series of twenty- two sermons delivered in the year 1876 by order of the General Synod, intended to sel forth the relations of the Reformed < Jhurch to liberty and to faith and education, 'and other topics appropriate to the Centennial year of the republic (8vo, 601 pp.). Quarter-Millennial Anni- versary qftkt Reformed Protestant Dutch Church oftfo City of New Fork, L628-1878 (1879, 8vo, 104 pp.). (W.J.R.T.)
Reformed Episcopal Chinch, the official des- ignation of a distinct body oi ( !hristians in America and i in .u Britain.
I. History. This ecclesiastical organization took its rise in the city of New York Decern bi t 2, l*7:i. The Rt. Rev. < leorge David Cummins, D.D., assistant bishop of the Protestanl Episcopal Church in the diocese of Kentucky, separated from thai Church, in a letter to presiding bishop Smith dated November 10, 1873. Within one month from that date, the Reformed Epis- copal Church was organized, with Dr. Cummins as its tirst bishop. Bishop Cummins was born December 11. 1822. lie was related on the maternal side to the eel heated bishop Asbury, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, but was of Episcopal descent on both sides. lie was graduated al Dickinson College, Carlisle, in 1841, in the nineteenth year of his age. In the year 1843 he became connected with the Episcopal Church, and in 1845 was ordained to the diaconate by bishop Alfred Lee. of the diocese of Delaware, Alter a min- istry of great eloquence, power, and success in different prominent fields of labor during twelve years, he was consecrated to the episcopate as assistant bishop of the diocese of Kentucky iii 1866. During October, 1*7:;. the Evangelical Alliance met in New York city. llish- op Cummins was in attendance, and on the eighth day of that month delivered an address on the subject— and Reformed Doctrines on the Subject of Justification, Contrasted. On the 12th, Sunday, the bishop participated in a joint communion in the Pres- byterian Church of which Dr. John Hall is the pastor, delivering an address and administering the cup. The storm of adverse criticism that followed this act served to mature and intensifj the conviction that bad been gathering form and volume before in the bishop's mind, that the Church he had loved and served so well had fully and finally drilled from its old evangelical and catholic position. It was about this time, just at what point we do not know, that the thought of a separation from the old Communion arose, and ripened into fixed purpose. The first outward movement looking towards the organization of a separate Communion took place October 30. An account of the meeting then held is here given in the language of a prominent clergyman
Rev. Dr. 11. I'.. Leacock— who was present and par- ticipated in its deliberations:
" By invitation of bishop I 'ummins, five clergymen and Ave laymen were brought together at the residence ,>i \n John A. Dake, of New York city. The bishop startled