1-3. Peculiar to Luke.
1. Afterward (év 7 xaJeEfs). Rev., soon afterward. See Onechs viledl:
Throughout every city and village (cata édw kal kopnv). Lit., by city and village. See on ver. 4.
Cu. VIII] LUKE. 399
Preaching (xynpvccav). Or proclaiming, as a herald. Com- pare ch. iv. 18, and see on 1 Pet. ii. 5.
And the twelve were with him. The were is supplied by the translators. Better, “he himself went about,” etc., “and the twelve (went) with him;” or, as Rev., and with him the twelve.
3. Steward (émitpozrov). From ézutpéme, to turn toward ; thence to turn over to, transfer, and so commit or intrust to. The word thus literally means, one to whom the management of affairs is turned over.
4-18. Compare Matt. xiii. 1-23; Mark iv. 1-25.
4, Out of every city (xara moniv). City by city.
Were come (ézruzropevouévwv). The present participle de- noting something in progress. They kept coming. Rev., re- sorted.
5. To sow. See on Matt. xiii. 3.
His seed. Peculiar to Luke.
By the waycside. See on Matt. xiii. 4.
Was trodden down. A rendering which would apply better to standing grain. Tender, as Rev., trodden under foot. Pecu-
liar to Luke.
6. The rock (ri rérpav). Matthew has the rocky places, and Mark the rocky ground.
Sprung up (dvev). Lit., having sprung up. Rev., better, grew. Sprung up is Matthew’s eEavéreirev. Only here and Heb. xii. 15, where it is a quotation from the Septuagint. See on Matt. xii. 7.
a
330 WORD STUDIES IN. THE NEW TESTAMENT. = [Cu. VIIL
Moisture (icudéa). Only herein New Testament. Matthew and Mark have depth of earth. The word is the medical ex- pression for juices of the body, of plants, and of the earth. Aristophanes, metaphorically, the juice of thought (“ Clouds,” 233). Hippocrates uses this and the preceding word together, comparing the juices of the body with those of the earth.
7. Among (év wéow). In the midst. Stronger than the simple év, én, as giving more prominence to the danger.
Sprung up with it (cupdvetcar). Only here in New Testa- ment. See on ver. 6, and Matt. xiii. 7. The technical word among physicians for closing of wounds or ulcers, and the wnit- ing of nerves or bones. Dioscorides uses it, as here, of plants growing in the same place; ‘“ The hellebore grows together with the vines.”
Choked (amémmEav). Lit., choked of Matthew has the simple émvEav, choked; and Mark ouvvéermégay; the ovr, to- gether, emphasizing the idea of compression. Luke is very fond of compounds and sonorous words. See on ch. xxili. 51.
8. A hundred-fold. Omitting the thirty and staty of Mat- thew and Mark. See on Matt. xiii. 8.
10. Mysteries. See on Matt. xiii. 11.
Understand (cumacw). See on understanding, the kindred noun, Mark xii. 33.
11. The parable is this. According to its interpretation.
13. For awhile believe. See on Matt. xiii. 21. Matthew and Mark have endureth, or endure for a while.
In time of temptation. Matthew and Mark have, when tribulation or persecution cometh.
Cu. VIL] LUKE. 331
Fall away. Lit., withdraw or stand aloof. Matthew and Mark have stwmble.
14. Go forth (aopevomevor). The present participle. Much better Rey., “they that have heard, and as they go on thew way are choked,” ete.
Choked with (io, wnder). Implying the impulse wnder which they pursue their course.
Bring (no fruit) to perfection (rekecpopotow). Only here in New Testament. Matthew and Mark have, 2 becometh un- Sruitful. The verb literally means ¢o bring to an end or accom- plishment.
15. These are they which (odroé eiow oftsves). Which de- notes them as belonging to a class. Hence Rev., rightly, swch as.
Honest and good heart. Peculiar to Luke. Honest ; lit., fair, noble. Honest, not in the popular sense, but in the sense of the Latin honestus ; noble, virtuous, worthy.
Keep (xatéyovaw). Much better Rev., hold zt fast, giving the force of the compound verb.