456 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. Il.
Shall call (pocxaréontat). Rev. gives the force of mpés, to: “shall call wnto him.”
40. Other (érépous). And various.
Did he testify (Suewaprvpero). The preposition dé gives the force of solemnly, earnestly.
Save yourselves (céInre). More strictly, be ye saved.
Untoward (cxodds). Lit., crooked. Toward in earlier English meant docile, apt. The opposite is Sroward (from- ward). So Shakespeare :
‘Tis a good hearing when children are toward, But a harsh hearing when women are froward.” Taming of the Shrew, v., 2.
“*Spoken like a toward prince.” 3 Henry VI, ii, 2.
Untoward, therefore, meant intractable, perverse. So Shake- speare :
‘What means this scorn, thou most wntoward knave ?” K. John, i., 1.
‘¢ And if she be froward, Then hast thou taught Hortensio to be untoward.” Laming of the Shrew, iv., 5.
Compare Deut. xxxii. 5.
42. Continued steadfastly. See on ch. i. 14.
Doctrine (Sdayf). Better, teaching.
Fellowship («owvwvia). From xowds, common. <A relation between individuals which involves a common interest and a
mutual, active participation in that interest and in each other. The word answers to the Latin communio, from communis,
Cu. IL] THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES. 457
common. Hence, sometimes rendered communion, as 1 Cor. x. 16; 2 Cor. xiii. 14. Fellowship is the most common rendering. Thus Philip. i. 5: “your fellowship in the gospel,” signifying co-operation in the widest sense ; participation in sympathy, suffering, and labor. Compare 1 John i. 8, 6, 7. Occasionally it is used to express the particular form which the spirit of fel- lowship assumes ; as in Rom. xv. 26; Heb. xiii. 16, where it sig- nifies the giving of alms, but always with an emphasis upon the principle of Christian fellowship which underlies the gift.
Breaking («Adoe). Used by Luke only, and only in the phrase breaking of bread. The kindred verb «rdto or krde, to break, occurs often, but, like the noun, only of breaking bread. Hence used to designate the celebration of the Lord’s Supper.
Prayers (mpocevyais). Always of prayer to God. Compare on dejcess, prayers, Luke v. 83; and besought, Luke viii. 38.
43. Fear (poBos). Not terror, but reverential awe: as Mark ive 415 Luke vit 16; 1 Pet. i. 17, ete,
44. Common («owa). Compare fellowship, ver. 42.
45. Possessions («rjara). Landed property.
Goods (imdp£fes). Possessions in general; movables.
46. With one accord (6uo9upaddv). See on Matt. xviii. 19.
From house to house (kar oixov). Better, as Rev., at home, contrasted with im the temple. Compare Philem. 2; Col. iv. 1521 Cor, xvi--19.
Did eat their meat (ueteAduPavov tpodijs). Rev., take their
Jood. Partake would be better, giving the force of perd, with. Note the imperfect: “continued to partake.”
458 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. IT.
Singleness (ddedorn7s). Only here in New Testament. De- rived from a, not, and gedrevs, stony ground. Hence of some- thing simple or plain.
47. Added (apoceride:). Imperfect: kept adding.
Such as should be saved (rovs cwfopuévous). Lit., as Rev., those that were being saved. The rendering of the A. V. would require the verb to be in the future, whereas it is the present participle. Compare 1 Cor. i. 18. Salvation is a thing of the present, as well as of the past and future. The verb is used in all these senses in the New Testament. Thus, we were saved (not are, as A. V.), Rom. viii. 24; shall or shalt be saved, Rom. x. 9,18; ye are being saved, 1 Cor. xv. 2.“ Godliness, righteous- ness, is life, is salvation. And it is hardly necessary to say that the divorce of morality and religion must be fostered and en- couraged by failing to note this, and so laying the whole stress either on the past or on the future—on the first call, or on the final change. It is, therefore, important that the idea of salva- tion as a rescue from sin, through the knowledge of God in Christ, and therefore a progressive condition, a present state, should not be obscured, and we can but regret such a translation as Acts ii. 47, ‘The Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved, where the Greek implies a different idea” (Lightfoot, “On a Fresh Revision of the New Testament”).