Fashioning yourselves (cvoynuatifouevor). See on Matt. xvii. 2; and compare Rom, xii. 2, the only other passage where the word occurs. As oyjua is the outward, changeable fashion, as contrasted with what is dntrinszc, the word really carries a warning against conformity to something changeful, and there- fore illusory.
15. As he which hath called you is holy (cata tov Kane- carta tuas ayov). As of the A. V. is according to, or after the pattern of ; and holy is to be taken as a personal name; the which hath called being added for definition, and in order to strengthen the exhortation. Render, therefore, after the pattern of the floly One who called you. So, nearly, Rev., in nargin. A sim- ilar construction occurs 2 Pet. ii. 1: the Lord that bought them.
Cu. LJ THE FIRST GENERAL EPISTLE OF PETER. 637
Conversation (dvactpody). A favorite word with Peter ; used eight times in the two epistles. Fromava, up, and otpéper, to turn. The process of development in the meaning of the word is interesting. 1. A turning upside down. 2. A turning about or wheeling. 3. Turning about in a place, going back and forth there about one’s business; and so, 4, one’s mode of life or conduct. This is precisely the idea in the word conversa- tion (Lat., conversare, to turn round) which was used when the A. V. was made, as the common term for general deportiment or behavior, and was, therefore, a correct rendering of dvaoT poopy}. So Latimer (“Sermons”): “ We are not bound to follow the
conversations or doings of the saints.” And Shakspeare, 2 Hen, P¥ieve, 5
*‘ But all are banished till their conversation Appear more wise and modest to the world.”
Our later limitation of the meaning to the interchange of talk makes it expedient to change the rendering, as Rev., to manner
of living.
17. If ye call on the Father—judgeth. More correctly, Rev., If ye call on lim as Father ; the point being that God is to be invoked, not only as Father, but as Judge.
Without respect of persons (dmpoowrohnpuTTas). Tere only. Peter, however, uses TPOTWTOANMTTNS, & respecter of persons, Acts x. 34, which whole passage should be compared with this. Paul and James also use the kindred word spo- corornpabla, respect of persons. See Romi 11; Jae ail James has the verb mpocwmodnumtéa, to have respect of persons. The constituents of the compound word, mpocw7or, the counte- nance, and AapBave, to receive, are found in Gal.ii. 6; and the word is the Old-Testament formula to accept or to raise the face of another; opposed to making the countenance fall (Job xxix. 24: Gen. iv. 5). Hence, to recewe hindly, ov look favorably upon one (Gen. xix. 21; xxxii. 20, ete.). Tn the Old Testament it is, as Bishop Lightfoot observes, “a neutral expression in-
638 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. I.
volving no subsidiary notion of par tiality, and is much oftener found in a good than in a bad sense. When it becomes an in- dependent Greek phrase, however, the bad sense attaches to it, owing to the secondary meaning oF mpocwTrov, &@ mask ; so that Tpocwmov AauBdvew signifies to regard the pele circum- stances of a man, his rank, wealth, etc., as opposed to his real, intrinsic character.”
Sojourning (apovxias). Compare sojourners, ver. 1.
18. Ye were redeemed (édvtp@Inre). The verb occurs only in two other passages, Luke xxiv. 21; Tit. ti. 14. It car- ries the idea of a ransom-price (AvTpor, from Av, to loose).
With silver or gold (apyupio 7 H xpvotm). Lit., with silver or gold money ; the words ape respectiv ely, a eal coin of silver or of gold.
Conversation. Rev., manner of life. See on ver. 15.
Received by tradition from your fathers (atpo7apa- dérov), A clumsy translation ; improved by Rev., handed down From your fathers. ‘The word is peculiar to Peter.