Cn. 11.) THE GENERAL EPISTLE OF JAMES. 45
22. Wrought with his works (cuvypye tots épyous). There is a play on the words in the Greek: worked with his works.
23. Was fulfilled (éaAnpaIn). Not was confirmed, which the word does not mean either in New-Testament or in classi- cal usage, but was actually and fully realized. James here uses the formula which in the Old Testament is employed of the realizing of a former utterance. See 1 Kings 11. 27; 2 Chron. xxxvi. 22 (Sept.).
Imputed (€doyic9n). Lit., as Rev., reckoned.
He was called the friend of God. The term, however, does not occur either in the Hebrew or Septuagint, though it is found in the A. V. and retained in Rev. Old Teserient! In 2 Chron. xx. 7 (Sept.), thy friend is 7@ iyyarnuévw cov, thy be- loved. In Isa. xli. 8 (Sept.), my friend is dv hrydarnoa, whom I loved. “The friend of God” is still the favorite title of Abraham among the Jews and Mohammedans.
Rahab. Also referred to in Heb. xi. 31, among the ex- amples of faith. Dante places her in the third heaven:
‘* Thou fain wouldst know who is within this light That here beside me thus is scintillating, Even as a sunbeam in the limpid water. Then know thon, that within there is at rest Rahab, and being to our order joined, With her in its supremest grade ’tis sealed.
First of Christ’s Triumph was she taken up.
Full meet it was to leave her in some heaven, Even as a palm of the high victory
Which he acquired with one palm and the other, Because she favored the first glorious deed
Of Joshua upon the Holy Land.” Paradise, ix., 112-125
Rahab became the wife of Salmon, and the ancestress of Boaz, Jesse’s grandfather. Some have supposed that Salmon was one of the spies whose life she saved. At any rate, she be-
746 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. IIT.
came the mother of the line of David and of Christ, and is so recorded in Matthew’s genealogy of our Lord, in which only four women are named. There isa peculiar significance in this selection of Rahab with Abraham as an example of faith, by James the Lord’s brother.
Sent them out (éx8arotca). Better, thrust them forth, im- plying haste and fear. Compare Mark i. 12; Luke iv. 29; Acts xvi. 37.
Another way. Than that by which they entered. Through the window. See Josh. ii. 15.
26. Works (trav épywv). Note the article: the works belong- ing or corresponding to faith ; dts works. ro) p oD =