Were wrought (xatevpydodn). The testimony was decisive. They were fully wrought out.
13. Except that | was not a burden. Alluding to the possible objection that his refusal to receive pay was a sign either of his want of power to exact it, or of his want of affec- tion for them (ch. xi. 7).
Forgive, ete. Ironical.
15. Be spent (éxdarravnIjcopas). Only here in the New Testament. Zo spend utterly. Later Greek writers use the simple verb darravdw to expend, of the consumption of life.
16. With guile. Alluding to a charge that he availed him- self of the collection for the poor to secure money for himself. He uses his adversaries’ words.
20. Strifes (éprSetav). Rev., better, factions. See on Jas. iii. 14.
Wraths (Svyo/). For the plural, compare deaths, ch. xi. 33 ; drunkennesses, Gal. v. 21; bloods, John i. 18 (see note) ; the well- ings of the flesh, Eph. ii. 3; mercies, Philip. ii. 1. Haecttements or outbursts of wrath.
Whisperings (WudIupicpol). Psithurismoi, the sound adapted to the sense. Only here in the New Testament. Secret slan- ders. In Sept., Eccl. x. 11, it is used of the murmuring of a snake-charmer.* WiIvpotys whisperer, occurs Rom. i. 29.
Swellings (fvovwees). Only here in the New Testament. Conceited inflation. For the kindred verb ¢votdw to puff up, gee on 1 Oor. iv. 6.
eee
* See the interesting note of Ginsburg, ‘‘Coheleth,” on this passage.
358 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu XIII.
Tumults (axatactaciat). See on ch. vi. 5.
21. Among you (zpos buds). Better, as Rev., before. In my relation to you.
Shall bewail (zrev9jom). Lament with a true pastor’s sor- row over the sin.
Many (7roAXods). With special reference to the unchaste.
Sinned—already (aponuaptnkotwyv). Rev., heretofore. Only here and ch. xiii. 2. The perfect tense denotes the continuance of the sin. Heretofore probably refers to the time before his second visit.
Have not repented (u7 wetavoncavtwv). The only occur- rence of the verb in Paul’s writings. Merdvowa repentance, occurs only three times: Rom. ii. 4; 2 Cor. vii. 9, 10.
Of the uncleanness (él 7 dxaSapoia). Connect with be- wail, not with repent. There are no examples in the New Testament of the phrase peravoeiv émi to repent over, though such occur in the Septuagint.
Lasciviousness (acedyeia). See on Mark vii. 22.
PCa Are hh Xi]:
1. The third time. The great mass of modern expositors hold that Paul made three visits to Corinth, of the second of which there is no record.*
lamcoming. The third visit which I am about to pay. Alford observes that had not chronological theories intervened, no one would ever have thought of any other rendering. Those who deny the second visit explain: this és the third time that I have been intending to come.
* Farrar and Lewin, with Stanley and Plumptre, are exceptions. See Lewin’s elaborate note on ch. xii. 14; Meyer, “ Introduction to Second Corin- thians;” Godet, ‘“‘ Introduction to First Corinthians.”
Cu. XUL] THE SECOND EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 359
2. | told you before and foretell you (poetpnxa Kal mpo- hey). Rev., L have said beforehand, and Ido say beforehand. The renderings of the A. V. and Rev. should be carefully com- pared. The difference turns mainly on the denial or assumption of the second visit; the A.V. representing the former, and the Rey. the latter. J have said beforehand thus refers to the second visit; J do say beforehand, to his present condition of absence.
As if | were present, the second time (@s wapav 70 dev- tepov). Rev., as when I was present the second time, thus making a distinct historical reference to the second visit. Note the comma after present in A. V. According to this, the second time is connected with sporéya, I say beforehand the second teme. Another explanation, however, on the assumption of only two visits is, as 7f I were present this next time.