Noi only in this world, etc. Connect with which ts named. For world (aiév), see on John i. 9.
22. Put all things in subjection. Compare Col. i. 15-18; Ps. viii. 5-8. Gave Him. Hm is emphatic: and Him He gave. Not
merely set Him over the Church, but gave Him as a gift. See Zor. ix. 15.
The Church (77 éxxAnoia). See on Matt. xvi. 18.
23. Which is His body (Hts). The double relative is ex- planatory, seewng ut is: by which Imean. Body, a living or- ganism of which He is the head. See on Col. i. 18.
The fulness. See on John i. 16; Rom. xi. 12; Col. i. 19. That which is filled. The Church, viewed as a receptacle. Com- pare ch. iii. 10.
That filleth all in all (ta wavra év raow mdnpovpévov). Better, that jilleth all things with all things. The expression is somewhat obscure. All things are composed of elements.
874 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. II.
Whatever things exist, God from His fulness fills with all those elements which belong to their being or welfare. The whole universe is thus filled by Him.
1. And you. Taking up the closing thought of the preced- ing chapter, the magnitude of God’s power toward believers as exhibited in Christ’s resurrection. He now shows that the same power is applied to his readers. Hence the connection is: “ When He raised Him from the dead, etc., and you did He quicken, even as He quickened Christ.” The structure of the passage is broken. Paul having prominently in mind the thought God quickened you as He did Christ, begins with you also. Then the connection is interrupted by vy. 2, 3, which describe their previous condition. Then ver. 1 is taken up in ver. 4, by but God, God introducing a new sentence.
Who were dead (dvtas vexpovs). Better, Rev., when ye were dead, thus giving the sense of the continued state in the past expressed by the participle being.
Trespasses — sins (vapartopacw—dpaptias). See on Matt. 1.21; vi. 14. Trespasses, special acts. Szms, all forms and phases of sin: more general.
2. Course (aidva). Lit., age. See on John i. 9.
Power (éfovclas). Collective, the whole empire of evil spirits.
The air. According to Paul’s usage, in the simple physical sense. See Acts xxii. 23; 1 Cor. ix. 26; 1 Thess. iv. 17; Apoc.
Kvn ieee air 18 eared as the sedan of the Homose might.
The spirit. See on 1 Cor. ii. 12. The term designates the power over which Satan rules, on the side of its operation in men’s hearts.
Cu. IT.] THE EPISTLE TO THE EPHESIANS. ; 3875
Now. With an implied reference to its former working in his readers. Compare once, ver. 3.
Children of disobedience (uiots rijs azevJelas). Compare ch. v. 6. A Hebraistic expression. Compare son of perdition, John xvii. 12; children of obedience, 1 Pet. i. 14; children of cursing, 2 Pet. ii. 14. Rev., correctly, sons of disobedience : belonging to disobedience as sons to a parent.
3. Had our conversation (avectpadnuev). See on the kind- red noun conversation, 1 Pet.i.15. Rev., more simply, déved. .
Fulfilling (aovodvres). Rev., doing. The verb implies car- rying out or accomplishing, so that the A. V. is more nearly correct. See on Rom. vii. 15; John iii. 21.
Desires (Serjuata). Lit., willings. See on Col. iii. 12.
Mind (dcavoiav). More strictly, thoughts. See on Mark xii. 30; Luke i.-51.
By nature children of wrath. See on ver. 2. Children (réxva) emphasizes the connection by birth ; see on John i. 12. Wrath (6pyhs) is God’s holy hatred of sin; His essential, neces- sary antagonism to everything evil, Rom. i. 18. By nature (pvcer) accords with children, implying what is innate. That man is born with a sinful nature, and that God and sin are essentially antagonistic, are conceded on all hands: but that unconscious human beings come into the world under the blaze of God’s indignation, hardly consists with Christ’s assertion that to little children belongs the kingdom of heaven. It is true that there is a birth-principle of evil, which, if suffered to develop, will bring upon itself the wrath of God. Whether Paul means more than this I do not know.*