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being answerable to the numberless rovings of fancy and wind- ings of language” (Barrow, Sermon XIV., “ Against Foolish Talking and Jesting.” The whole passage is well worth read- ing).
5. Ye know (lore yivécxovtes). The A. V. fails to give the whole force of the expression, which is, ye know recognizing. Rev., ye know of a surety.
Idolater. Compare Col. iii. 5, and see on 1 Cor. v. 10. 6. Vain. Plausible, but devoid of truth, and employed to palliate heathen vices.
7. Be not (yiveoSe). Lit., become not. It is a warning against dapsing into old vices.
8. Ye were. Emphatic, and according with become of ver. 7. Ye were darkness, but now are ye light. Do not become darkness again.
Darkness (cxoros). See on John i. 5.
Light (¢as). Light itself; not a lamp.
Children of light. See Matt. v. 16.
9. Is in. Consists in. The verse is parenthetical.
10. Proving. Connect with walk. Walk, proving by your walk. Proving, see on 1 Pet. i. 7.
Acceptable (evdpectov). Rev., better and more literally, well-pleasing. The one point of all moral investigation is, does at please God ?
11. Have—fellowship (cuyxowwveire). See on Apoc. xviii. 4-1. 9.
Unfruitful works (épyous tots axdpmos). Compare fruit, ver. 9, and Gal. v. 19, 22, works of the flesh, fruit of the Spirit. Works which bring no blessing with them. Compare Rom. vi. Mieavieia = (aly. 21: yi..8,
Reprove (édéyyere). See on John iii. 20,
13. All things (ra mavta). More literally, they all, or all of them ; the secret sins just mentioned.
400 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. V.
That are reproved (édeyydueva). Lit. being reproved. Rev., when they are reproved. eproved is to be taken in the same literal sense as in ver. 11, and not metaphorically in the sense of being demonstrated by light, or brought to light, which is almost synonymous with are made mancfest.
By the light. Connect with are made manifest, not with are reproved.
Whatsoever doth make manifest is light (wav 70 davep- ovpevov das éotiv). Wrong. The A. V. renders doth make manifest, as in the middle voice, but the verb is in the passive voice. It occurs nearly fifty times in the New Testament, and never ag middle. Hence Rev., correctly, everything that 2s made manifest.
Is light. A general proposition, going to show that mani- festation can come only through light. Whatever is revealed in its true essence by light is of the nature of light. It no longer belongs to the category of darkness. Manifestation is a law of good and evil alike. That which is of the truth seeks the light and cometh to the light. That which is evil avoids the light, and loves darkness better than light, but none the less is brought to the light and appears in its own light. See John iii. 20, 21. This truth is embodied in another form in the parable of the Tares. Growth is manifestation. By suf- fering the tares to grow, their difference from the wheat, which at first is not apparent, is fully revealed.
14. He saith. God. This use of the personal pronoun is frequent in Paul’s writings. See Gal. iii. 16; Eph. iv. 8; 1 Cor. vi. 16.
Awake, etc. The quotation is probably a combination and free rendering of Isa. lx. 1; xxvi. 19. For similar combina- tions see on Rom. iii. 10; ix. 383. By some the words are re- garded as the fragment of a hymn.
Shall give thee light. Rev., correctly, shall shine upon thee.
15. See that ye walk circumspectly (Arérerte ras axpiBas mepirrateite). Lit., look how exactly ye walk. The best texts
Cu. V.] THE EPISTLE TO THE EPHESIANS. 401
place ras how after dxpiBads exactly. So Rev., look carefully how ye walk. Circumspectly is better rendered carefully. It means exactly, accurately, from a&xpos the farthest point. See on inquired diligently, Matt. ii. 6; and compare Luke i. 3; Acts xviii. 25, notes.