17. Are contrary (avtixerat). The verb means to le opposite to; hence to oppose, withstand. ‘The sentence these —to the other is not parenthetical.
So that (tva). Connect with these are contrary, etc. “Iva does not express result, but purpose, to the end that, —the purpose of the two contending desires. The intent of each principle in opposing the other is to prevent man’s doing what the other principle moves him to do.
Cannot do (mz woujre). A mistake, growing out of the misinterpretation of fva noted above. Rather, each works to the end that ye may not do, ete.
The things that ye would (@ édv OéAnte). The things which you will to do under the influence of either of the two contending principles. There is a mutual conflict of two powers. If one wills to do good, he is opposed by the flesh : if to do evil, by the Spirit.
Cu. V.] THE EPISTLE TO THE GALATIANS. 165
18. The question is, which of these two powers shall pre- vail. If the Spirit, then you are free men, no longer under the law. Comp. Rom. vi: 11, 14.
Under the law (#76 véuov). The Mosaic law. We might have expected, from what precedes, under the flesh. But the law and the flesh are in the same category. Circumcision was a requirement of the law, and was a work of the flesh. The ordinances of the law were ordinances of the flesh (Heb. ix. 10, 13); the law was weak through the flesh (Rom. viii. 3). See especially, Gal. iii. 2-6. In Philip. iii. 3 ff. Paul explains his grounds for confidence in the flesh as his legal righteousness. The whole legal economy was an economy of the flesh as distinguished from the Spirit.
19. Manifest. You have a clearly defined standard by which to decide whether you are led by the Spirit or by the flesh. Each exhibits its peculiar works or fruits.
Adultery (ovxyefa). To be dropped from the text. Uncleanness (axa@apcia). See on 1 Th. ii. 3. Lasciviousness (aceAyera). See on Mk. vii. 22.
20. Witchcraft (dapwaxia). Or sorcery. Elsewhere only Apoc. xviii. 23. From ¢dppaxov a drug. In LXX, see Ex. vii. 11; Wisd. xii. 4; Isa. xlvii. 9. Comp. Acts xix. 19, weplepya curious arts, note.
Wrath (Ovuof). Lit. wraths. See on J. iii. 36.
Strife (ép:0/ar). More correctly, factions. From épvfos a hired servant. *Epi0ia is, primarily, labor for hire (see Tob. ii. 11), and is applied to those who serve in official positions for hire or for other selfish purposes, and, in order to gain their ends, promote party spirit or faction.
166 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Ca. V.
Seditions (Suyoctaciar). Better, divisions. Only here and Rom. xvi. 17. Once in LXX, 1 Mace. iii. 29.
Heresies (aipéces). In Paul only here and 1 Cor. xi. 19. See on 2 Pet. ii. 1. Parties, into which divisions crystallise.
291. Murders. Omit from the text.
Revellings (x@uor). Comp. Rom. xiii. 13; 1 Pet. iv. 3. In both passages coupled with drunkenness as here. See on 1 Pet. iv. 3.
| tell you before (mpordyw). Better beforehand, or as Rev. I forewarn you. P®°. Comp. 2 Cor, xiii. 2; 1 Th. iii. 4.
The kingdom of God. See on L. vi. 20.
22. The fruit of the Spirit (0 xapzrés tov mvedpuatos). The phrase N. T.°. Fruit, metaphorical, frequent in N. T., as Matt. iii. 8; vii. 16; J. iv. 36; xv. 8; Rom.i. 13; vi. 21, etc. We find fruit of light (Eph. v. 9); of righteousness (Philip. i. 11); of labour (Philip. i. 22); of the lips (Heb. xiii. 15). Almost always of a good result.
Love (ayamn). Comp. love of the Spirit, Rom. xv. 30. In Class. gurezy is the most general designation of love, denoting an inner inclination to persons or things, and standing op- posed to puceiv or éyOatpe to hate. It occasionally acquires from the context a sensual flavour, as Hom. Od. xviii. 325; Hat. iv. 176, thus running into the sense of épaév which de- notes sensual love. It is love to persons and things grow- ing out of intercourse and amenities or attractive qualities. Zrépyew (not in N. T., LXX, Sir. xxvii. 17) expresses a deep, quiet, appropriating, natural love, as distinguished from that which is called out by circumstances. Unlike prety, it has a distinct moral significance, and is not applied to base inclinations opposed to a genuine manly nature. It is the word for love to parents, wife, children, king or coun-