476 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Ca IX.
for the altar of incense; * (¢) there is no mention in O. T. of a censer set apart for the day of atonement; (d) the high priest was to enter with incense, so that the ark might be veiled by the smoke (Lev. xvi. 12). Hence the censer could not have been kept in the holy of holies; (e) the writer clearly speaks of an abiding-place of the @upuarnpiov in a particular division of the tabernacle. There is evidently a discrepancy, probably owing to the fact that the writer drew his information from the O. T. by which he might have been led into error. Thus Ex. xxvi. 35, there are mentioned in the holy place without the veil only the candlestick and the table, and not the incense-altar. Again, when the standing- place of the incense ‘altar was mentioned, the expressions were open to misconstruction: see Ex. xxx. 6; xl. 5. On the day of atonement, the incense-altar, like the most holy place, was sprinkled with blood. This might have given rise to the impression that it was in the holy of holies.
With gold (ypuvctm). Properly, wrought gold.
Wherein (é€v 7). But according to Ex. xvi. 34; Num. xvii. 10, neither the pot of manna nor Aaron’s rod was in the ark, but “before the testimony”; while in Ex. xxy. 16, Moses was commanded to put only the tables of the law into the ark; and in 1 K. viii. 9 it is said of the ark in the tem- ple, “there was nothing in the ark save the two tables of stone.” The writer follows the rabbinical tradition that the pot of manna and the rod were inside of the ark.
Golden pot (ordpvos ypvon). Xrauvos, N. T.°, a few times in LXX, rare in Class. Golden is an addition of the LXX. Comp. Ex. xvi. 33.
5. Cherubim of glory (yepouBely dd&ns). Setting forth or exhibiting the divine glory. The word signifies living erea- a I a ne ee SS
* Philo, Quis Rer. Divin., Mangey’s ed., p. 504. De Vita Mos. Mangey, p. 668. Joseph. B. J. v. 5, 5; Ant. iii. 6, 8.
Cx. IX.] THE EPISTLE TO THE HEBREWS. 47T
tures, and they are described as @a. Hence usually with the neuter article ra. See Isa. vi. 2,38; Ezek. i. 5-10; x. 5-20, and comp. Apoc. iv. 6-8. Nothing could be more infelici- tous than the A.V. rendering of faa beasts.
Shadowing the mercy-seat (catacKidlovta To ikaoTHpLov). Katacxialev, N. T.°, °LXX, occasionally in Class. Throw- ing their shadow down upon the mercy-seat. For ‘Aaornpiop, see on Rom. iii. 25. Used in LXX to translate mba the place of covering sin, the throne of mercy above the ark.
Particularly (cara uépos). In detail; his main point being the twofold division of the tabernacle. The phrase N. T.°. Note the completeness of the list of articles of furniture in the tabernacle, even to the inclusion of things which had no connection with worship; also the emphasis on the costliness of the articles— gold. The writer will say all that can be said for this transitory, shadowy tabernacle; but all that he can say about the costliness of the apparatus only emphasises the inferior and unspiritual character of the worship. The vessels are superior to the service.*
6. The inferiority of the ancient system was proved by the old tabernacle itself: by its division into two parts, both of which were inaccessible to the people.
Always (va aavros). Rend. continually. The phrase is usually found in connection with matters involving rela- tions to God — worship, sacrifice, etc. See Matt. xviii. 10; lo xeIVeDose Acts I 20; x. 2; 2 Thi. 16; Heb, xt 5.
Accomplishing (éziredouvres). See on ch. vill. 5, and Gal. iii. 8. The verb is used of performing religious services
by Herodotus. See i. 167; ii. 63, 122; iv. 186.