part force and elegance.” — 2 Tim. iv. 7 : The subject having been twice expressed by a Metaphor, rbv dyuva — rbv dpo/xov, is in the third place expressed in plain (unmetaphorical) terms, rrtv vlor/v rsrr\pv\xa. Comp, the Titles, Allegory, Metonymy, Synecdoche.
METONYMY is a mode of speaking, whereby the one of those things, which are conjoined by some external relation, is put for the other ; or also so, that the other requires to be understood to- gether with itself. And it is fourfold : Metonymy of Cause — of Effect — of the Subject — of the Adjunct . There are some who also add to these Metonymy of the Antecedent (i.e. for the Consequent ) and Metonymy of the Consequent (i.e. for the Antecedent) ; a kind of Me- tonymy which may be conveniently referred to Metonymy of Cause or of Effect. — Examples : The Consequent for the Antecedent, — Euke iv. 23, TcdvTug spsrrs /xot ty} v KapafioXh ravrriv. See Gnom. on this place ; also : “ the fame concerning a thing, instead of the thing itself, which is about to produce the fame,” or rumour : 2 Cor. xi. 10, 7) xavyyiGig abryi ou <ppa.y7]fferai sic g//i, i.e. u hereafter I will not be a whit more burdensome, it shall be so that,” etc. : Gal. iii. 17, diryJrizriv — vo/xog ovx dxvpoT, i.e. The Law does not confer the inheritance ; therefore it does not make void the covenant. — The Antecedent for the Consequent: Rom. ii. 21, 6 oh diddcxuv eTspov, Gsavrbv oil dibdaxsig; i.e . Thou dost not teach, and thou dost not do those things which thou oughtest to have taught thyself : also, Gal. ii. 10, fiovov ruv KTuyfiv iva fj.vYi^ovsvufxsvy o xa / effcrovdoMfu — But Paul was anxious not merely to remember, but to relieve and assist : also, Phil. iii. 2, ftXsnsrt — (3Xsttsts, i.e. Ye see and will beware of. — The Metonymy of the Subject and Adjunct : Luke i. 35, bha^ig v-^igtov snicxiaGsi aot. The power of the Highest, for, the Highest , whose 'power is infinite. — John iii. 27, sx ro\j ovpavov. The heaven, for Him who dwells in the heavens. — Acts xxvii. 9, did to xai ty\ v vriGreiav %dri Kups'kYiXvQsvcu. The adjunct of time for the time. — 1 Thess. v. 19, to cm0/4a ^ g(3svvvts. The Spirit, for the gifts, which lie imparts. — Instead of the Concrete, i.e. instead of that to which anything is attributed , the Abstract is put , i.e. the Attribute itself: for instance, — Epll. V. 13, crav yap TO (pavspo'j,asvovy (pug sgti. See Gnom. — See further observations on the subject in a length- ened Treatise on Metonymy in Bauer, Pliilol. Time. Pauli, ch. xi. p. 224, etc.
MIMESIS is, when we either refer to, or repeat, the words of an- other, which we either disapprove of, or desire to refute ; for example, — 1 Cor. XV. 32, si vsxpoi ovx sysipovTui , pdyu^sv xai c/w/xev, avpiov yap dcro()vi)ffxoij,sv. — 2 Cor. X. 1, 10, racrsi vbg — on ai /Isv g-r/ffroXa/, <pr,ffiy (3aps7ai — s^o-Asvrifisvog. — Phil. iii. 4, 5. See Gnom. — Col. ii. 21.
It is also Mimesis, when we delicately (acutely) allude to a word which another is wont to use, for the sake of directing him aright ; as in the passage, 2 Cor. x. 1, og xutu xpoouxov /x'sv Tacrsmg iv b/iiv :