158
a Ch. xii. 43. κ. i. 23
X. 1. Καὶ προσκαλεσάµενος τοὺς δώδεκα μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ, ἔδωκεν
- , - 261 iii. 11. αὐτοῖς ἐξουσίαν πνευμάτων " ἀκαθάρτων, ὥστε ἐκβάλλειν, αὐτά, καὶ
Lk. iv. 36 al. ref. to
33, ο . (in θεραπεύειν πᾶσαν νόσον καὶ πᾶσαν µαλακίαν. 2. Τῶν δὲ δώδεκα
demons.). ' ἀποστόλων τὰ ὀνόματά ἐστι ταῦτα" πρῶτος Σίμων 6 λεγόμενος
b once only
in Mt.and Πέτρος, καὶ ᾿Ανδρέας 6 ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ: “IdxwBos! 6 τοῦ Ζεβεδαίου,
Mk. (
30), often καὶ Ιωάννης & ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ: 3. Φίλιππος, καὶ Βαρθολομαῖος -
in Lk. ς
Θωμᾶς, καὶ Ματθαῖος ὁ 1 SB have και before ἴακωβος.
CHAPTER X. THE GALILEAN MISSION. The beginnings of the mission to the neglected ‘‘lost’’ sheep of Israel may be found in the Capernaum feast (ix. 10). As time went on Jesus felt increasingly the pressure of the problem and the need for extended effort. Matthew’s call was connected with the first stage of the movement, and that disciple was Christ’s agent in bringing together the gathering of publicans and sinners. He is now about to employ all the intimate dis- ciples He has collected about Him and through them to spread the movement all over Galilee. They will be a poor substitute for Himself, yet not wholly useless like the scribes, for they have heard His teaching on the hill and imbibed somewhat of His spirit of love.
Vv. 1-15. The Twelve: their names, mission, and relative instructions (Mk. iii. 14-19, vi. 7-13, Lk. ix. 1-6).
Ver. I. προσκαλεσάµενος: this does not refer to the call to become disciples, but to a call to men already disciples to enter on a special mission.—rovs δώδεκα, the Twelve. The article implies that a body of intimate disciples, twelve in number, already existed. The evangelist probably had Mk. iii. 14 in view. He may also reflect in his language the feeling of the apostolic age to which the Twelve were familiar and famous. Hitherto we have made the acquaintance of five of the number (iv. 18-22, ix. 9). Their calls are specially reported to illustrate how the body of twelve grew.— ἐξουσίαν, authority, not to preach, as we might have expected, but to heal. The prominence given to healing in this mission may surprise and disappoint, and even tempt to entertain the suspicion that the exalted ideas concerning the Twelve of after years have been read into the narrative. This element is certainly least prominent in Mark. Yet to some extent it must have had a place in the mission, The people in Galilee had all Ἀεατά of Jesus and His work, and it was
τελώνης: ᾿Ιάκωβος ὁ τοῦ ᾽Αλφαίου, καὶ
no use sending the Twelve unless they could carry with them something of His power.—_rveup.atey a., genitive objective, as in John xvii. 3, Rom. ix. 21. ὥστε ἐκ .. . καὶ θεραπεύειν, dependent also on ἐξουσίαν (cf. 1 Cor. ix. 5), ὥστε with infinitive indicating tendency of the power. πᾶσαν νόσον, etc., echo of iv. 23.
Ver. 2. τῶν δὲ δώδ. ἀποστόλων: εἴἲς,, the evangelist finds here a convenient place for giving the names of the Twelve, called here for the first and last time ἀπόστολοι, with reference at once to the immediate minor mission (from ἀποστέλ- λειν, vide νετ. 5) and to the later great one. One half of them are for us mere names, and of one or two even the names are doubtful, utterly obscure, yet, doubt- less, in their time and sphere faithful witnesses. They are arranged in pairs, as if following the hint of Mark that they were sent out by two and two, each pair connected with a καὶ (so in Luke, not in Mark).—p@tos: at the head of the list stands Peter, first not only numerically (Meyer) but in importance, a sure matter of fact, though priestly pretensions based on it are to be disregarded. He is first in all the lists.—6 Aey. Πέτρος: a fact already stated (iv. 18), here repeated probably because the evangelist had his eye on Mark’s list (iii. 16) or possibly to , distinguish this Simon from another in the list (No. 11). Ver. 3. Βαρθολομαῖος, the 6th, one of the doubtful names, com- monly identified with Nathanael (John i. 46).—MarOaios ὁ τελώνης, one of four in the list with epithets: Peter the first, Simon the zealot, Judas the traitor, Matthew the publican ; surely not with- out reason, except as echoing ix. g (Meyer). Matthew stands second in his pair here, before Thomas in Mark and Luke. Position and epithet agree, indicative, Euthy. suggests, of modesty and self-abasement.—Ver. 4. Σίμων o Καναναῖος: Luke gives τὸν kak. Ζηλωτὴν =the zealot, possibly a piece of in«