808
12. Ti ἐπαύριον ὄχλος πολὺς 6 ἐλθὼν εἰς τὴν ἑορτὴν, ἀκού-
σαντες ὅτι ἔρχεται 6 ᾿Ιησοῦς eis “ἹἹεροσόλυμα, 13. ἔλαβον τὰ
ata τῶν Φοινίκων, καὶ ἐξῆλθον eis ὑπάντησιν αὐτῷ, καὶ ἔκραζον,. η ντη ο ρ ?
ο Ps. xviii. Ὡσαννά" εὐλογημένος 6 ἐρχόμενος ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου, 6 βασιλεὺς
25, 26. a? , ” τοῦ Ισραήλ.
14. Εὐρὼν δὲ ὁ ᾿Ιησοῦς ὀνάριον, ἐκάθισεν ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸ,
p Zech. ix. καθώς ἐστι " γεγραμµένον, 15. ‘Mt Φφοβοῦ, θύγατερ Σιών; ἰδοὺ, 6
9.
q xX. 40. r Vii. 39 reff.
, ” , > ‘ aA ” 5] βασιλεύς σου ἔρχεται, καθήµενος ἐπὶ πῶλον ὄνου.
16. ταῦτα δὲ
οὐκ ἔγνωσαν of μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ Ἱτὸ πρῶτον: GAN’ ὅτε * ἐδοξάσθη ὁ ᾽ησοῦς, τότε ἐμνήσθησαν ὅτι ταῦτα ἦν ἐπ᾽ αὐτῷ νεγραμµένα, καὶ
~ > ιό earn > , αν. ος 5 con > > ae ταυτα εποιησαν αυτῷ. I 7. εµαρτυρει ουνο ὄχλος ο ων μετ αυτου, οτε
6 ver. I. 1 expavyalow in BDL,
an entirely innocent person, to death. In Mary John has shown faith and devotion at their ripest: in this devilish proposal the obduracy of unbelief is exhibited in its extreme form.
Vv. 12-19. The triumphal entry into F erusalem.—Ver. 12. Tq ἐπαύριον, {.ε., probably on Sunday, called Palm Sunday in the Church year [κυριακὴ τῶν βαΐων, dominica palmarum, or, in ramis palmarum]. Four days before the Passover the Jews were required to select a lamb for the feast.—6yAos πολὺς ὃ ἐλθὼν εἰς τὴν ἑορτὴν, and therefore not Jerusalemites, ἀκούσαντες . . . ἔλαβον τὰ Bata τῶν Φοινίκων “took the fronds of the palms,” ¢ke palms which every one knew as growing on the road from Jerusalem to Bethany. The Bate (from Coptic Bat) were recognised as symbols of victory or rejoicing. Cf. 1 Macc. xiii. 51, μετὰ αἰνέσεως καὶ Batwv. So Pausanias (viii. 48), ἐς δὲ τὴν δεξιάν ἐστι καὶ πανταχοῦ τῷ νικῶντι ἐστιθέμενος φοινῖξ. Cf. Hor., Odes, I. i. 5, '"ραίπια nobilis”. This demonstration was evidently the result of recent events, especially, as stated in ver. 18, of the raising of Lazarus.—Ver. 13. els ὑπάντησιν αὐτῷ. ‘“‘ Substantives derived from verbs which govern a dative are sometimes followed by this case, instead of the ordinary genitive.’ Winer, 264. They left no doubt as to the meaning of the demon- stration, ἔκραζον Ὡσαννά . . . Ισραήλ. These words are taken from Ps. cxviii. 25, 26; written as the Dedication Psalm of the second Temple. Ὡσαννά is the
Hebrew S83 Twit, “save now”’. Tr v Y
The words were originally addressed to approaching worshippers; here they designate the Messiah; but that no
bY , > , > ο] , Se tyes > a τὸν Λάζαρον ἐφώνησεν ἐκ τοῦ μνημείου, καὶ * Ίγειρεν αύτον EK νεκρῶν '
mistake might be possible as to the present reference, the people add, 6 βασιλεὺς τοῦ ᾿Ισραήλ.---Ψετ. 14. Jesus being thus hailed as king by the people, εὑρὼν ὀνάριον . . . dvov, {.έ, He accepted the homage and declared Him- self king by adopting the prediction ot Zech. ix. 9 (ver. 15), ‘‘ Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion (χαῖρε σφόδρα instead of py Φφοβοῦ), proclaim it aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem; behold the king is coming to thee, just and saving, He is meek and riding on a beast of burden and a young foal”. The significance of the “ass” is shown in what follows: ‘‘He shall destroy the chariots out of Ephraim and the horse out of Jerusalem, and the war-bow shall be utterly de- “stroyed: and there shall be abundance and peace”. By riding into Jerusalem as king but on an ass, not on a war horse, - He continued to claim to be Messiah but ruling by spiritual force for spiritual ends.—Ver: 16. The significance of His action was not at that time per- ceived by the disciples: ταῦτα... πρῶτον, but when Jesus had been glorified, then they remembered that this had been written concerning Him and that the people had made this demonstration in His favour, καὶ ταῦτα ἐποίησαν αὐτῷ.---Ψετ. 17. In verses 17 and 18 this demonstration is carefully traced to the raising of Lazarus: ‘the crowd which was with Him when He summoned Lazarus from the tomb, and raised him from the dead, testified [that He had done so], and on this account the crowd went out to meet Him, because they had heard this testimony”. The demonstration is thus rendered intel- ligible. In the Synoptists it is not accounted for. He is represented as