404
~ are) , , : ~ 30. TH δὲ ἐπαύριον βουλόμενος γνῶναι τὸ ἀσφαλές, τὸ τί κατη- γορεῖται] παρὰ τῶν Ιουδαίων, ἔλυσεν αὐτὸν 2 ἀπὸ τῶν δεσμῶν, καὶ
ἐκέλευσεν ὃ ἐλθεῖν τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ ΄ Sov τὸ συνέδριον αὐτῶν : καὶ
1 παρα, but υπο NABCE, Tisch., W.H., R.V., Weiss, Wendt, Blass. 2 απο των δεσµων, explanatory gloss, om. SABCE, verss., Chrys., W.H., R.V. 5 σννελθειν ΝΑΒΟΕ, Vulg., Sah., Chrys., W.H., R.V., Weiss, Blass; συν prob.
lost after -wev.
«παν το συνεδρ. (instead of ολον τ. Tisch., W.H., R.V., Blass, Weiss.
citizenship, and that the later notices, xxiii. 18, xxiv. 27, XXVi. 29, XXVil. 42, May contrast favourably with xxi. 33.
Ver. 30. τὸ τί κατηγ. παρὰ τῶν Ἰ.: epexegetical of τὸ ἀσφαλὲς, cf. iv. 21 for the article, and Luke i. 62, ix. 46, xix. 48, xxii. 2, 4, 23, 24, 37, also 1 Thess. iv. 1, Rom. viii. 26, Matt. xix. 18, Mark ix. Io, 23. The usage therefore is more charac- teristic of St. Luke than of the other Evangelists, Viteau, Le Grec du Ν.Τ., p. 67 (1893), Hawkins, Hore Synoptice, p. 38.- παρὰ, if retained, cf. Winer- Moulton, xlvii., 5 b, who takes it to mean ‘‘on the part of the Jews,” {.ε., they had not as yet presented any accu- sation.—@Avoev αὐτὸν: according to ver. 29 it looks as if the chiliarch immediately he knew of St. Paul’s Roman citizenship released him from his severe bondage. Overbeck, Weiss, Holtzmann therefore refer τῇ ἐπαύριον only to BovA. γνῶναι, and not to ἔλυσεν and ἐκέλευσεν, but the order of the words cannot be said to favour this, and Wendt (1899) rejects this interpretation. The words may possibly mean that he was released from the custodia militaris in which he had been placed asa Roman citizen, although he had been at once released from the chains, cf. xxi. 33. In ver. 10 of the next chapter he apparently stands before the Council not in any way as a prisoner, but as one who stood on common ground with his accusers.—katay., {.6., from Antonia. — συν(ελθεῖν) . . « τὸ συν. Schirer, Ὑετοίσ] People, div. ii., vol. i., p. 190, E.T., contends that the Council probably met upon the Temple Mount itself; it could not have been within the Temple, or we could not account for the presence of Lysias and his soldiers (see also Schiirer, u. s., p. 191, note), but cf. on the other hand for the place of meet- ing, O. Holtzman, Neutest. Zeitgeschichte, p. 176, and also the remarks of Eder- sheim, Hist. of the Fewish Nation, Ρ. 131. Hilgenfeld, Zw. Th., Ῥ. 517
σ. αυτων), 506 ΔΑΒΟΕ, verss., Chrys.,
ff. (1896), so Wendt, Clemen, Jiingst, J. Weiss and Spitta regard the whole scene before the Sanhedrim as an interpolation extending from xx. 30-xxiii. 10. But most of the objections to the passage: may be classed as somewhat captious, é.g., objection is taken to the fact that on the second night of his imprisonment St. Paul is assured by Christ that he should’ testify at Rome, xxiii. 11; why should such a communication be delayed to the second night of the imprisonment? it belongs to the first night, just as we- reckon dreams significant which occur in the first night of a new dwelling- place! So again it is urged that the vision of the Lord would have had a meaning after the tumult of the people in xxii., but not after the sitting of the Sanhedrim in xxiii. But if ver. 10 is. retained there was every reason for Paul to receive a fresh assurance of safety. In xxiii. 12-35 we have again Hilgenfeld’s source C, and in this too Hilgenfeld finds a denial of the preceding narrative before the Sanhedrim, on the ground that Paul’s trial is not represented as having taken place, but as only now in prospect. But vv. 15, 20 may fairly be interpreted as presupposing a previous inquiry, unless we are to believe, as is actually sugges- ted, that ἀκριβέστερον may have prompted the author of Acts to introduce the account of a preceding hearing. CuHapTeR XXIII.—Ver. 1. ἀτενίσας, see on chap. i. το, ‘‘ looking stedfastly,” R.V. The word denotes the fixed sted- fast gaze which may be fairly called a characteristic of St. Paul. On this oc- casion the Apostle may well have gazed stedfastly on the Council which con- demned Stephen, and although many new faces met his gaze, some of his audience were probably familiar to him.