its end or object a certain summing up of all things. But in what sense is this summing up to be understood? The precise meaning of this rare word avake- φαλαιώσασθαι has to be looked at. In the classics it is used of repeating summarily the points of a speech, gather- ing its argument together in a summary form. So Quintilian explains the noun ἀνακεφαλαίωσις as rverim repetitio et congregatio (vi., 1), and Aristotle speaks of the ἔργον ῥητορικῆς as being ἄνακε- φαλαιώσασθαι πρὸς ἀνάμνησιν (Frag., 123). In late Greek the verb means also to present in compendious form or to reproduce (Protev. Fac.,13). The simple verb κεφαλαιοῦν in the classics denotes in like manner to state summarily, or bring under heads (Thuc., tii., 67, vi., 91, etc.), and the noun κεφάλαιον is used in the sense of the chief point (Plato, Laws, 643 D), the sum of the matter (Pind., P., 4, 206), a head or topic in argument (Dionys. Hal., De Rhet., x., 5), a re- capitulation of an argument (Plato, Tim., 26, etc.). In the NT the verb ἄνακε- φαλαιώσασθαι occurs only twice, namely
here and in Rom. xiii. 9; in which_
latter passage it is used of the summing up of the various commandments in the one requirement of love to one’s neigh- bour. The simple verb κεφαλαιοῦν occurs only once, viz., in Mark xii. 4, where it has the sense of wounding in the head; but the text is uncertain there, TTrWH reading ἐκεφαλίωσαν with BSL, etc. The noun κεφάλαιον is found twice, v7z., in Acts xxii. 28,