SK. Thdrt. Th. EZ. Th. Mps. TK. W-M.
W-Sch.
Wohl. Ws. Zw. Th.
Epistle to the Philippians.
Sanday and Headlam (Romans). Studien und Kritiken.
Theodoret.
Theologische Literaturseitung. Theodore of Mopsuestia.
Texthritik d. paulin. Briefe (Weiss). Moulton’s Ed. of Winer’s Grammar. Schmiedel’s Ed. of Winer. Wohlenberg.
Weiss.
Zeitschr. f. wissenschaftl. Theologie.
The recognised contractions have, as a rule, been used in the critical notes.
᾿ f [ ian an 4. “ας eb .
Η ΠΡΟΣ ΦΙΛΙΠΠΗΣΙΟΥΣ ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ. I. τ. ΠΑΥΛΟΣ καὶ Τιμόθεος, " δοῦλοι ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ,” πᾶσι τοῖς 3 Ps. cxvi. > ἁγίοις ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τοῖς οὖσιν ἐν Φιλίπποις, adv? ° ἐπισκόποις 4 eee
Thess. ii. 4. b Cf. τ Cor. i. 2. xi. 18; Neh. xi. 9.
cf. 1 ο Acts xx. 28; 1 Pet. ii. 25; 1 Tim. iii. 2; Tit. i. 7 ae Kings
1 προς Φιλιππησιους: SO SABK 1, 37 (-πισιους), 113. αρχεται προς Φ. DEFG
(DE -πηνσιους). authority.
2So FGKLP, syrr., Chr., Thdrt.
The title in Τ.Ε. comes from the ed. of Elzevir, without MS.
Tisch., W.H., Ws. Χ. |. with ΝΒΡΕ, d, e,
cop. X. |. more prob., as copyists were more likely to write the common expression 1. X. for the other, which is characteristic of Paul (cf. Ws., TK., pp. 131-134).
5 Brickner (Chronologische Reihenfolge d. paulin, Brr., Haarlem, 1890, p. 222) would omit the whole clause as interpolated.
4 B*DcEK with Thphl., Cassiod. συνεπισκοποις ; coepiscopis in Freising Fragg. of O.L. (ed. Ziegler). Th. Mps. apparently knows this reading, but rejects it (see
Swete’s ed., vol. i., p. 198).
CuapTER I.—Vv. 1-2. SALUTATION.— Ver. 1. The only significance belonging to the mention of Timothy is that he was a well-known figure at Philippi (Acts xvi. 1-12, xix. 22, xx. 3-6), that they owed much to him, and that he was about to visit them again. The Epistle claims, of course, to be exclusively Paul’s own.— δοῦλοι. Already in O.T. δ. is used in a distinctly religious sense; see esp. Psalms (LXX). As used by Paul, while expressing intense fervour of devotion, it includes the idea of a special calling and function in Christ’s kingdom, parallel to its application in O.T. to the prophets; see Rom. i. 1, Gal. i. 10, also Tit. i. 1. There is genuine humility in the contrast between δοῦλοι and ἁγίοις. He only calls himself ἀπόστολος when he assumes a commanding mood (Chr. ad loc.).—Xp. Ἰ. The order strikes the keynote of Paul’s attitude towards his Master. He delights to think of Him in royal dignity, the Messiah who was once Jesus being
now Κύριος. For a good discussion of the respective designations X. Ἰ. and Ἰ. X., see Von Soden in Abhandlungen C. von Wetzsdcher gewidmet, Ρ. 118.—mraow τ. ἁγίοις. It is difficult to say whether πᾶσιν is emphatic or not. It is, at least, remarkable how often πᾶς appears in the opening paragraphs of this Epistle, as if to show Paul’s strict impartiality, per- haps in the face of some pretensions to superiority which appeared in the Philip- pian Church. But, on the other hand, see 2 Cor. i. 1, Rom. i. 7, where the same phrase seems to have no special emphasis. -τ. ἁγίοις. Really a terminus technicus of the early Church. Having as its basis that idea of consecration to God, and consequent participation in His Divine majesty which bulks so largely in O.T. religion (e.g., Lev. xi. 44-45, Jud. xiii. 7), and continues to have full prominence in the N.T. (Acts, almost all Epistles, Rev.), it suggests also in every N.T. instance that side of Christian life which stands in
4τό
ἃ Almost confined
to Esther καὶ σα η] ῶ το Χο καὶ Κυρίου Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ. Technical
use only here and 1 Tim. iii. 8, τα.
most glaring contrast with the impurity and sensuality of the Gentiles, holiness of heart and conduct, This would naturally come into view as the result of the work- ing of the Holy Spirit; see McGiffert, Apostolic Age, p. 509 ff.; Hitzm., N.T.