προκοπὴν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ἐλήλυθεν - 13. ὥστε τοὺς |}
m Constrn. chap. iii. 21; 1 Thess. iii. 13.
423
er. 253.1 Tim. iv. 15} Sirach li.
Ξ ᾿ ΤΑΣ n πρ. four times in Gospp, = gover-
for Christ’s sake, and not on account of any breach of law. γεν. must be trans- lated by the English perfect, for, as Moule (CT.) well points out, ‘our English thought separates present from past less rapidly than Greek”. Ofcourse we must supply δεσμ. as predicate with φαν. γεν. —év ὅλῳ τ. πραιτ. is one of the most keenly contested expressions in the Epistle. Four leading interpretations are
found. (1) Those forming the praetorian guard. So Lft., Hfm., Abbott, Hpt., Vine. This explanation has much in its
favour. Those coming up on appeal from the Provinces were handed over for surveillance to the praefecti praetorio (see Marquardt-Momma,, ii. 2°, Ρ. 972 and n. 2). And Lft. (Com., pp. 99-104) has shown conclusively that the word admits of this meaning. (2) The barracks or camp of the praetorian guard. So Lips., ΚΙ., Alf., De W., Myr., Ws., Von Soden. But none of these Comm. bring direct evi- dence to show that the name praetorium was ever definitely applied to the castra praetoriana, built under Tiberius at the Porta Viminalis (Tac., Amn., iv., 2). (3) The emperor’s palace. So Chr., Th. Mps., Thdrt., Beng., Mynster (Kleine theol. Schriften, p. 184, some strong argu- ments), Gwynn, Duchesne. In all other passages of N.T. πραιτ. = residence of the ruler. It is said that it would be im- possible for anyone writing from Rome to call the palace πραιτ. But, as Gw. observes, this is a provincial writing to provincials, and using the word in a familiar sense. Further, the change for the better in Paul’s circumstances is con- nected with the knowledge that his bonds are in Christ. Is it because the author- ities (emperor, etc.) have already begun to take a favourable view of his case that the preaching is allowed to prosper with- out hindrance and that his associates take courage? This interpretation cannot be dismissed altogether lightly. (4) The judicial authorities. So Mommsen (op. cit., Ῥ. 498) and Ramsay (St. Paul, etc., p- 357 ff.). These would be the praefecti praetorio (either one or two) with their assessors and other officials of the im- perial court. Momms. quotes from a letter of Trajan to Pliny (Ep. Plin., 57 [65]}, in which he decides that a criminal condemned to exile, but, in spite of this,
424 ο Cf. Luke ὃ Sag met
21;2
Kings βως τὸν λόγον " λαλεῖν.
αἱ. q In Paul and Hebrews.