stitute for ΓΤ (LXX Κύριος), Jehovah. Cf. Sayings of few. Fathers (ed. Taylor), iv., 7,and Additional Notes, pp. 165-167,
9---11.
10. ἵνα ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ ! [ή
439
πᾶν γόνυ "κάμψη ” * ἐπουρανίων καὶ 2 Eph. iii.
14; Isa.
"ἐπιγείων καὶ " καταχθονίων, 11. καὶ πᾶσα γλῶσσα “ ἐξομολογήσηται3ϑ3 xv. 23.
ὅτι Κύριος ᾿Ιησοῦς Χριστός," εἰς δόξαν Θεοῦ πατρός.
in N.T.
1 Χριστον added by ΝΑ 47, 73, 114, 115, Or., Chr., Cyr., Marc.
aE, x Cor. xv.
40. b Only here
c Perhaps closest parallels are Matt. xi. 25; Luke x. 21; Ps. liii. 8
? καμψει P,
3 So Lach., Trg. (8), Ws., W.H. with NB, Ir., Clem., Thdrt., Eus., Ath., Cyr.
Ti., Alf., Myr. -γησεται with ACDEFGKLP, Or., Chr., Euth,cod.
Ws., TK., 46,
speaks doubtfully. The subjunct. may be an assimilation to καμψη, but, on the
other hand, the indic. comes from Isa. xlv. 23.
It is unsafe to decide, as ε and η
in the post-classical period were often interchanged. See W-Sch., p. 48.
4 Om. Χ. Fer.G, g, m, Eus., Novat., Hil.
where Taylor compares with vv. 7-8 of our chap., Isa. liii, 12 and with ver. 9, Isa. ΠΠ, 13. Most appropriate to our passage is his quotation from Jeremy Taylor (Works, vol. ii., p. 72): ‘‘He hath changed the ineffable name into a name utterable by man, and desirable by all the world; the majesty is all arrayed in robes of mercy, the tetragrammaton or adorable mystery of the patriarchs is made fit for pronunciation and expression when it becometh the name of the Lord’s Christ ”’.—16 ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα. ( 1 Pet. iii. 22, ‘Angels and authorities and powers being made subject unto Him”’ ; Eph. i, 21.
Ver. το. ἐν τῷ ὀνόμ. Ἰ. Perhaps the best explanation is that of Weiffenb. (ο. cit., p. 51), ‘‘ On the ground of this name (K¥ptos),” 1.6., because of what it means for every worshipper. Of course, the worship is rendered to Him as Lord. Abbott (Notes on St. Paul’s Epistles, p. 93) compares Ps, Ixiii. 4, “‘ Thus will I bless Thee while I live : I will lift up my hands in Thy name”. Cf. also Ps. xx. 5, liv. 1. This name, which declares the true char- acter and dignity of Jesus Christ, is both the basis and the object of worship. See the somewhat parallel use of εἰς τὸ dv. in Inscrr. (Dsm., BS., pp. 144-145). For the history of the phrase and its Semitic basis consult Die biblische ‘‘im Namen,” by J. Bohmer (Giessen, 1898).—éarovp. κ. ἐπιγ. κ. καταχθ. Aptly Thdrt., ἐπου- ρανίους καλεῖ Tas ἀοράτους δυνάμεις, ἐπιγείους δὲ τοὺς ἔτι ζῶντας ἀνθρώπους καὶ καταχθονίους τοὺς τεθνεῶτας. ἐπουρ. The heavenly spirits. ‘Paul regards the higher world as divided into a series of ascending spheres”’ (Beysch., N.T. Th. [E.Tr.], ii., 1ΟΟ).---καταχθ. It is needless to think of these in connexion with the Descent into Hades, although this subject had an extraordinary place in
the minds of the early Christians (cy. Bruston, La Descente du Christ aux Enfers, Paris, 1897). Here simply = a general term for the dead. Often in sepulchral Inscrr. For the division of all beings into three regions Everling compares Ignat. ad Trall., 9, ἀληθῶς ἐσταυρώθη καὶ ἀπέθανεν, βλεπόντων τῶν ἐπουρανίων καὶ ἐπιγείων καὶ ὑποχθονίων (see his Paulinische Angelologie u. Déa- monologie, Gott., 1888, pp. 83-84).
Ver. 11. Κύριος. See on ver. 6 supr. This is the characteristic confession of the Apostolic Church. It is most significant that Κύριος has no article, which shows that it has become virtually one of Christ’s proper names. See Simcox, Lang. of N.T., p. 49, and cf. Acts ii. 36, “Know assuredly that God made Him Lord as well as Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified” (so Hort); 1 Cor. xii. 3, Rom. x. 9, I Cor. viii. 6, where ‘‘One Lord” is parallel to “One God’’. Hort (ont Pet. i. 3) compares our verse with vv. 2-5. The invocation of one Lord is a bond of unity. The term ‘‘Lord” has become one of the most lifeless words in the Christian vocabulary. To enter into its meaning and give it practical effect would be to recreate, in great measure, the atmo- sphere of the Apostolic Age. [See, on the adoration of Jesus Christ in the Apostolic Age, an interesting essay by T. Zahn in Skizzen aus d. Leben d. alten Kirche, Leipz., 1894, pp. 1-38).—els δ. ©. The whole purpose of the working out of salvation is the glory of God the Father. This end is attained when men yield to His operations and acknowledge Christ as Lord. Cf. esp. Eph. i. g-12.