101
, - τείας, ἵνα " στρατεύη 1 ἐν αὐταῖς τὴν καλὴν " στρατείαν, 19. ἔχων ντ Cor. ix,
, Ν , πίστιν καὶ ἢ ἀγαθὴν * συνείδησιν, ἥν τινες 7 ἀπωσάμενοι "περὶ * τὴν
7, 2 Cor. Χ, 3,2. Tim. il. 4.
κ ὃ πίστιν " ἐναυάγησαν ' 20, ὧν ἐστὶν Ὑμέναιος καὶ ᾿Αλέξανδρος, οὓς w 2 Cor. x.
" παρέδωκα τῷ " Σατανᾷ ἵνα “ παιδευθῶσι μὴ “ βλασφημεῖν.
Ζ1 Tim. vi. 21, 2 Tim. iii. 8.
Y r a 2 Cor. xi. 25 only, not LXX. 22, XXil. 3, I Cor. xi. 32, 2 Cor. vi. 9, 2 Tim. ii. 25, Tit. ii. 12.
4.
x See ver. 5.
y Acts Xiil. 46.
b 1 Cor. v. 5. ο Acts vii.
d Matt. ix. 3=Mark ii. 7, Matt.
XXvi. 65, John x. 36, Acts xiii. 45, Xviii. 6, xxvi. 11.
l στρατεύσῃ N*D*.
of ‘‘ prophecies uttered over Timothy at his ordination . . . foretelling his future zeal and success ”’ is unnatural.
ἵνα στρατεύῃ ... τὴν καλὴν στρα- τείαν: The ministry is spoken of as a warfare, militia, ‘‘the service of a στρατιώτης in all its details and par- ticulars ”’ (Ell.). See reff., and an in- teresting parallel in 4 Macc. ix. 23, ἱερὰν κ. εὐγενῆ στρατείαν στρατεύσασθε περὶ τῆς εὐσεβείας.
ἐν αὐταῖς: in them, as in defensive armour. (Winer Moulton, Grammar, p. 484). Cf. Eph. vi. 14, 16, for a similar use of ἐν.
καλός is characteristic of the Pastorals, in which it occurs twenty-four times as against sixteen times in the other Pauline Epistles. It has 4 special Christian reference in such phrases as the present, and as qualifying στρα- τιώτης, 2 Tim. ii. 3; ἀγών, τ Tim. vi. 12, 2 Tim. iv. 7; διδασκαλία, τ Tim. iv. 6 ; ὁμολογία, τ Tim. vi. 12, 13: παρα- θήκη, 2 Tim. i. 14; διάκονος, τ Tim. iv. 6. Moreover, the use of the word in these epistles is also different from that found in the earlier epistles: (a) it is used asa qualifying adjective twelve times in the-Pastorals (excluding καλὸν ἔργον, καλὰ ἔργα) viz., in addition to the reff. already given, 1 Tim. iii. 7, 13, vi. τὸ: This use is not found in the other Pauline Epistles. (b)As a predicate it occurs twice, viz., I Tim. i. 8, iv. 4, aS against once elsewhere in Paul, Rom. vii. 16. On the other hand, τὸ καλόν is not found in the Pastorals, though five times elsewhere (Rom. vii. 18, 21; 2 Cor. xiii. 7; Gal. vi. 9; 1 Thess. v. 21); ποτ.καλά (Rom. xii. 17; 2 Cor. viii. 21); nor καλόν (Rom. xiv. ἘΠῚ τον EV. Oy) Vile I, 8520; “ix. τος Gal. iv. 18); but τοῦτο καλόν occurs chap. ii. 3 (Tit. iii. 8) as well as in 1 Cor. vii. 26. See.also note on chap. iii. ας Ver. 19. ἔχων: It is best perhaps to suppose that the metaphor of warfare is not continued beyond στρατείαν ; else we might render, holding faitk ~s a
shield, cf. Eph. vi. 16. But ἐν αὐταῖς implies that the prophecies included every piece of defensive armour. So ἔχων here simply means possessing, as inn Ge πο πι ο ο πα ας το την 5, Rom. ii. 20, τ Cor. xv. 34, 1 Pet. iii. 16. συνείδησιν : see note on ver. 5.
τινες : See note ΟΠ ver. 3.
ἀπωσάμενοι : The indictment against the moral standard of the false teachers is here expressed more severely than above in ver. 6. There they are said to have ‘‘missed”’ or ‘‘neglected”’ faith, etc.; but here that they thrust zt from them (R.V., cf. Acts xiii. 46) when it im- portuned for admittance into their hearts. ‘‘Recedit invita. Semper dicit, Noli me laedere’’ (Bengel).
περὶ τὴν πίστιν ἐναυάγησαν: Another change of metaphor: they suffered moral shipwreck, so far as the faith is con- cerned. ‘‘When the life is corrupt, it engenders a doctrine congenial to it” (Chrys.). We are not justified in inter- preting suffered shipwreck as though it meant that they were lost beyond hope of recovery. St. Paul himself had suf- fered shipwreck at least four times (2 Cor. xi. 25) when he wrote this epistle. He had on each occasion lost everything except himself. For the construction, cf. περὶ τὴν πίστιν [ἀλήθειαν] ἠστόχη- σαν τι "πα Sey στ ο ACh ἡ ας τῶν ἀδόκιμοι περὶ τὴν πίστιν, 2 Tim. ΠΠ. ὃ. περί with acc. is used in a somewhat similar sense in Mark iv. 19, Luke x. 40, 41, Acts xix. 25, Phil. ii. 23 (the only in- stance in Paul outside the Pastorals) τ airy Vile ΗΕ. 11: -