κόσμιον: orderly (R.V.), perhaps dig- nified in the best sense of the term. ordinatum (τα ἢ). ‘‘Quod σώφρων est intus, id κόσμιος est extra’’ (Bengel). The word is not found in Titus.
φιλόξενον: This virtue is required in the episcopus also in Tit. i. 8, but not of the deacons, below; of Christians gene- rally, 1 Peter iv. 9, 1 Tim. ν. τὸ (q.v.), Rom. xii. 13, Heb. vi. 10, xiii. 2, 3 John 5. See Hermas, Sim. ix. 27 (‘‘ Bishops, hos- pitable persons (φιλόξενοι), who gladly received into their houses at all times the servants of God without hypocrisy”). This duty, in episcopi, ‘‘ was closely connected with the maintenance of ex- ternal relations,” which was their special function. See Ramsay, Church in the Roman Empire, p. 368.
διδακτικόν, as a moral quality would. involve not merely the ability, but also the willingness, to teach, such as ought to characterise a servant of the Lord, 2 Tim. ii. 24. ‘The notion is expanded in. Tit. i.g. The deacon’s relation to theo- logy is passive, ver. 9.
Ver. 3. μὴ πάροινον (no brawler, R.V., quarrelsome over wine, R.V.m.), and μὴ πλήκτην are similarly coupled together in Tit. i. 7. παροινία means violent temper, not specially excited by over- indulgence in strong drink. In the time of Chrysostom and Theodoret manners had so far softened that it was felt necessary to explain the term πλήκτης: figuratively, of ‘‘ some who unseasonably smite the consciences of their brethren”. But see 2 Cor. xi. 20.
ἀλλ᾽ ἐπιεικῆ, ἄμαχον : gentle, not con- tentious. This pair, again, of cognate adjectives is repeated in the general directions as to Christian conduct, Tit. iii. 2, Compare 2 Tim. ii. 24 (of the servant of the Lord). The corresponding episcopal virtues in Titus (i. 7) are py αὐθάδη, μὴ ὀργίλον.
ἀφιλάργυρον: In Titus the correspond- ing episcopal virtue is μὴ αἰσχροκερδῆ.. See note on ver. 8 and Tit. i. 7.
Ver. 4. τοῦ ἰδίου οἴκου: Although ἴδιος commonly retains in the N.T. the emphatic sense own, yet there can be no: doubt that examples occur of the later weakened sense in which it means simply αὐτοῦ, ¢.g., I Cor. vii. 2. We are not therefore justified in insisting on the em- phatic sense, own, here or in ver. 12;