32---30.
καὶ τῶν προφητῶν" 33.
3 , 1 ὃ , τὸ ἢ > λ a 3 , εἰργάσαντο δικαιοσύνην, ἐπέτυχον ἐπαγγελιῶν, ἔφραξαν στόματα λεόντων, 34. "ἔσβεσαν δύναμιν πυρὸς, ἔφυγον στόματα μαχαίρας," 3 , eet > / > , 3 Ν 3 , ἐνεδυναμώθησαν ἀπὸ ἀσθενείας, ἐγενήθησαν ἰσχυροὶ ἐν πολέμῳ,
παρεμβολὰς ἔκλιναν ἀλλοτρίων: 35.
363
, ἊΣ . . « οἱ διὰ πίστεως κατηγωνίσαντο βασιλείας, 2 Judic. xiv.
6;1Sam. XVii. 34 52 Sam. viii, I, et x. 19, et xii. 29 Dan. vi. 22.
"ἔλαβον γυναῖκες ὃ ἐξ dva-a Judic. vii.
, N ‘ 2 A ” δι ον , 5 2r,et Xv.
στάσεως τοὺς νεκροὺς αὐτῶν - ἄλλοι δὲ ἐτυμπανίσθησαν, οὐ προσ- το;1 Sam.
eer ν 2 , ο , > , , XiV.I,€tc., εξάμενοι τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν, ἵνα κρείττονος ἀναστάσεως τὐχῶσιν. εἰχχ.τ
so 9 a ᾿ / - > ” 1 Reg.xix.
36. “ ἕτεροι δὲ ἐμπαιγμῶν Kal μαστίγων πειραν ἔλαβον, ἔτι δὲ δεσ- τ εἰς; 2 Reg. vi.
᾿ ἊΣ ἅ ‘ Ν 16, et xx.
7; τ Par. xxii. 9; Job xlii. το; Ps. vi. 8, et Ixxxix.20, etc.; Esa. xxxviii. 21; Dan. iii. 25.
bi Reg. xvii. 23; 2 Reg. iv. 36; 2 Mac. vi. 19, 28, et vii.; Acts xxii. 25. ο]ετ αχ.ᾱ.
1ηργασαντο in ὃν” 47”.
2 μαχαιρης SAD"; µαχαιρας (more classical) in DCEKLP.
3 yuvatkas in K*AD*.
γον στόματαμαχαίρης» “ escaped the edge of the sword” of which there are many instances recorded, as I Sam. xviii. 11; 1 Kings xix. 2; 1 Mac. ἢ 28, ἐδυναμώθησαν ἀπὸ ἀσθενείας ‘out of weakness became strong, waxed mighty in battle, routed the armies of aliens,” having in view, possibly, the deliverance recorded in Judges iv. by Deborah, where παρεμβολή (ver. 16, etc.) is used of the army. Reference may also be made, as von Soden suggests, to the Maccabean deliverances. [παρεμβολή; τ Macc. iii. 3, 15, 17, etc.; ἀλλοτρ. ii. 7-] On several occasions in Israel’s history the three clauses received abundant illus- tration.
Ver. 35. ἔλαβον γυναῖκες. "5 ες Women received their dead by resurrec- tion,” as is narrated of the widow of Sarepta, 1 Kings xvii. 17-24, and the Shunamite, 2 Kings iv. 34. ἄλλοι δὲ ἐτυμπανίσθησαν. - . “others were beaten to death”. τύμπανον (sc. τύπ- ανον from τύπ. strike) a drum, τυµπανίζω, I beat. From the expression in 2 Mac. vi. 17, 28, ἐπὶ τὸ τύμπανον, it might be supposed that some instrument more elaborate than a rod was meant and Josephus speaks of ‘‘a wheel”’ as being used. But that it was substantially a beating to death is proved by what is said of Eleazar (2 Mac. ii. 30), μέλλων ταῖς πληγαῖς τελευτᾶν, εἶπε. That Eleazar and the seven brethren (2 Mac. vii.) are alluded to is obvious, for it was character- istic of them that they died οὐ προσ- δεξάμενοι THY ἀπολύτρωσιν, not accepting the offered deliverance. Eleazar was shown a way by which he could escape death (2 Mae. vi. 21), and the seven brethren also were first inter-
rogated and would have escaped death had they chosen to eat polluted food. They endured martyrdom, not accepting the escape that was possible, ἵνα κρείτ- roves ἀναστάσεως τύχωσιν, “that they might obtain a better resurrection,” ‘“ unto eternal life—‘ better’ than that spoken of in the beginning of the verse, to a life that again ended” (Davidson, Weiss, von Soden). How fully the resurrection was in view of the seven brethren is shown in the saying of the second: ‘‘the King of the world shall raise us eis αἰώνιον ava- Biwow ζωῆς ; of the third who when his hands were cut off declared that he would receive them again from God; of the fourth, who in dying said, ‘“‘It is good, when put to death by men, to look for hope from God to be raised up again by Him ;” and the youngest said of them all, “they are dead under God’s covenant of everlasting life”.
Ver. 36. ἕτεροι δὲ . . . introducing a different class of victories achieved by faith, although ἐμπαιγμῶν καὶ μαστίγων, «« τῃοοκίηρβ and scourgings’’ were en- dured by the martyrs who have just been mentioned (2 Mac. vii. 7 and vii. τ). πεῖραν ἔλαβον, see ver. 29. ἔτι δὲ δεσμῶν - . . “yea, moreover of bonds and prison”; as the examples in Bleek prove, ἔτι δὲ is commonly used to express a climax (¢f. Luke xiv. 26); and such im- prisonment as was inflicted, e.g., on Jere- miah (xxxviti. 9) was certainly even more to be dreaded than scourging. ἐλιθ- άσθησαν, “they were stoned,” as was Zechariah, son of Johoiada, 2 Chron. xxiv. 20 (Luke xi. 51). There was also a tradition that Jeremiah was stoned at Daphne in Egypt. ἐπρίσθησαν, “ they were sawn asunder,” a cruel death some-