Ver.4. ἰδοὺ : this interjection, though good Attic, is used by some N.T. writers with a frequency which is unclassical, (Mayor) e.g., in this short Epistle it occurs six times, while on the other hand St. Paul uses it only nine times (once in a quota- tion) in the whole of his writings; its frequent occurrence is a mark of Jewish authorship, as Jews were accustomed to the constant use of an equivalent inter-
jection (ποτ) in their own tongue. —6 μισθὸς τῶν ἐργατῶν: μισθός occurs several times in Sir. in the sense
4—5-
a , κράζει,! καὶ at "Boat τῶν θερισάντων εἰς τὰ ὦτα Κυρίου
βαὼθ εἰσελήλυθαν.3
469
οσα-π Deut.
Ἢ pe XXIV. 14, 5. ἢ ἐτρυφήσατε ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ ὃ Ξ ἐσπατα- ποσα i ob xxxi, λήσατε, ᾿ἐθρέψατε τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν ἐν" ἡμέρᾳ "σφαγῆς. 38-105 of. χοςα, ll. ᾽ 23. 4 p Cf. Job xxi. 13; Luke xvi. 19, 25; 2 Pet. ii. 13. q Am. Vi.
o Rom. ix. 29; Rev. xviii. 5. (Sept.) ; cf. 1 Tim. v. 6. Ezek, xxxiv. 3.
1 Clamabunt ff.
τ Luke xxi. 34.
s Quoted from Jer. xii. 3; οὐ. 1 Sam. ix. 12, 13.
Σεισεληλυθασιν NKL, curss. ; εισεληλυθεν A; εισεληλυθεισαν 3.
3 Om. και A, 73, Copt.
of reward, but not in that of wages due; in the same book ἐργάτης occurs twice (xix. 1, xl. 18), but in neither case with the meaning ‘‘agricultural labourer,” which is its usual meaning in the N.T., cf. Matt. ix. 37, but on the other hand Luke. x 7, ἄξιος ὃ ἐργάτης τοῦ μισθοῦ αὐτοῦ.--- τῶν ἀμησάντων: an. dey. in N.T.; whatever difference of meaning there may have been originally between apav and θερίζειν they are used as synonyms in the Septuagint, and the same is true, according to Mayor, of classical Greek. --τὰς χώρας ὑμῶν: often, as here, used in the restricted sense of “ fields,” cf. for the variety of meaning which it can bear the three instances of its occur- rence in Sir. x. 16, xliii. 3, xlvii. 17; for its meaning of “ fields,’ both in singular and plural, see Luke xii. 16, xxi. 21; John iv. 35.—6 ἀφυστερημένος ἀφ᾽ ὑμῶν: “which is kept back by you,” ‘fon your part,” or as Mayor ren- ders as an alternative, ‘‘comes too late from you”; the ἀφ᾽ ὑμῶν is not really required, it is omitted by ff. The with- holding of wages due was evidently a_sin of frequent occurrence, see Lev. xix. 13; Deut. xxiv. 14, 15; Job xxiv. 10; Mic. 14, του ete xxl.) τα Prov. πι. 2η. 28: Mal. iii, 5; Sir. xxxi. (xxxiv.) 22; Tob. iv. 14.—&gvor. only here in N.T.— κράζει: a thoroughly Hebraic idea which occurs several times in the O.T., cf. for the “‘ crying out” of inanimate things, Gen. iv. 10; Job xxiv. 12; Ps. σπιν ον ecOVenville) Go ams 10 15: Hab. ii. 11.—at Boat: only here in N.T., cf. Exod. xi. 23.—eis τὰ ὦτα κυρίου σαβαώθ: quoted from Isa. v. 9; one of the many marks in this sec- tion, vv. 1-6, which suggest that it did not originally belong to the N.T.; it is cer- tainly extraordinary that the usual Septu-
4 ws εν $2AKLA, curss.
ϑημεραις A,
agint rendering, Κύριος παντοκράτωρ Or 6 Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων, is not used here; though it is true σαβαώθ is sometimes transliterated, it is nevertheless excep- tional. ‘‘ Jahwe Sabaoth” was the an- cient Israelite name of Jehovah as war- god.
Ver.5. ἐτρυφήσατε: ἅπ. hey. in ΝΤ. at occurs: in’ ‘Six, αν, ἡ for the Hebrew αλ πὶ ὁ which means ‘‘to revel,”
followed by 5}. Luther translates: Ihr habt wohlgelebet, ‘‘ Ye have lived well ” ; but the German word ‘“schwelgen” so exactly describes the Greek that one wonders why he did not adopt it; the English ‘to revel’? comes nearest to it, and this is the R.V. rendering of the word in the Sir. passage referred to. τρυφᾶν with its compounds is used in a good as well as in a bad sense; for the former see Ps. xxxvii. 4, 11; Isa. lv. 2, Ixvi. 11; Neh. ix. 25.--ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς: the contrast is between their enjoyment of the good things of the earth and what their lot is to be hereafter; cf. Luke xvi. 25, ‘‘Remember that thou in thy lifetime receivedst thy good things, and Lazarus in like manner evil things; but now he is comforted, and thou art in anguish”.—éomwatadkyoate; only elsewhere in N.T. in τ Tim. v. 6; it occurs in Ezek. xvi. 49 of the women of Jerusalem who are compared to those of Sodom; see also Sir. xxi. 15; the com- pound κατασπ. occurs in Am. vi. 4; Prov. xxix. 21; neither the word itself nor its compound is used in a good sense, expressing as it does the living of a life of wanton self-indulgence.—é 6 péWarTe τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν: this use of kap- δία is thoroughly Hebraic, Ὀείπρ used in a very wide sense in Hebrew, ef, | Pay, civ. απ ον, ahd bread