ZNTW. Zeitschrift fiir die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft, herausgegeben von Erwin Preuschen.
MME. Notes from the Papyri in Expositor, 1908, by Professor Moulton and Dr. Milligan. ?
Moulton Proleg. Grammar of New Testament Greek, vol. i. Prolegomena by Professor J. H. Moulton.
Abbott, J.G. Johannine Grammar by Edwin A. Abbott.
WM. Winer’s Grammar of N.T. Greek, 3rd edition, by W. F. Moulton.
H.D.B. Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible (5 vols.).
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I. 1. ΣΥΜΕΩΝ] Πέτρος δοῦλος καὶ ἀπόστολος ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῖς
> { ς a“ - , 3 , “A A c - LN ισοτιµον ημιν λαχοῦσιν πιστιν εν δικαιοσύνη του Θεοῦ ημων και
σωτῆρος ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ °
2. Χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη ἐν
1Συµεων KAKLP syrr., Treg., Ti., WH™; Σιµων B, vulg., sah., boh., WH.
ΟΗΑΡΤΕΚ I. Vv. 1-2. The Greeting. “Simeon Peter, slave and apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who have obtained a faith of equal honour with our own, through the justice of our God and Saviour Jesus Christ. Grace and peace be multiplied unto you in the saving knowledge of our Lord.”
Ver. 1. The form Συµέων is only once used elsewhere of Peter in Acts xv. 14. τοῖς κ.τ.λ. The question as to who are the actual recipients of the letter, is matter for discussion in the Introduction (chap. vi. 1). The presumption is in favour of a body of non-Jewish Christians. ἡμῖν. probably means, in accordance with its use elsewhere in the chapter, the whole Christian community to which the writer belongs (see Introd. p. 49). ἰσότιμον. It is doubtful whether igor. means “like in honour” or ‘like in value’. Both meanings are found (cf. Mayor, p- 80). We may compare the sense of τιµή in v. 17 (see note), where the sense is clearly of an honour conferred (cf. Peter i. 7), which would suggest the same meaning here. ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ .. . Χριστοῦ. ἐν is instru- mental,. Sux. has the sense of “ justice’’ or “impartiality,” and is opposed to προσωπολημψία. God is no respecter of persons. There is no distinction in His sight between the faith of an eye- witness, and the faith of those “ who have notseen”’. With this non-theologi- cal sense of δικ. cf. ἄδικος in Hebrew vi. 10; alsor Johni.g. Θεοῦ refers to Christ, cf. John xx. 28. σωτῆρος, a title used by the Emperor. ‘‘ Familiarity with the everlasting apotheosis that flaunts itself in the papyri and inscriptions of Ptolemaic and Imperial times, lends strong support to Wendland’s conten- tion (ZNTW, pp. 335 ff.) that Chris-
tians from the latter part of i. Α.Ρ. onward, deliberately assumed for their Divine Master the phraseology that was impiously arrogated to themselves by some of the worst of men’’ (i.e., the Emperors). Moulton, Proleg. p. 84 (cf. Spitta, p. 523; Chase, D. B, iii. 796). πίστιν ἐν δικ. can hardly be taken to- gether (cf. Eph. i. 15, 1 Tim. iii. 13), as the relation of the believer to Christ in this epistle is rather that of γνῶσις or ἐπίγνωσις (cf. v. 2). (Cf. Zahn. Introd. il. pp. 218-9).
Ver. 2. χάρις.» + πληθυνθείη. : the same form ot salutation aS) anit Pet: Ίο "εν ἐπιγνώσει τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν. (For history of ἐπίγνωσις see Mayor's note, pp. 171 ff. ; Robinson’s Excursus in Ephesians.) ἐπίγνωσις in this epistle corresponds to πίστις in the Pauline sense (Spitta, Ῥ. 522). In Rom. i. 21 γνόντες is used οἱ the imperfect know- ledge of God possessed by the heathen world, and in v. 28 he contrasts it with the Christian or perfect knowledge of God. (καθὼς οὐκ ἐδοκίμασαν τὸν Θεὸν ἔχειν ἐν ἐπιγνώσει.) Cf. 1 Cor. xiii. 12, Col. i. g. “ ἐπίγνωσις, involving the complete appropriation of all truth and the unre- served acquiescence in God’s will, is the goal and crown of the believer’s course” (Lightfoot, note on Col.i.g). Cf. Introd. Ρ. 117; note v. 8; Paget, Spirit of Dis- cipline, pp. 112 ff. ἐπίγνωσις implies a , more intimate and personal relationship than γνῶσις. It would be a useful word, seeing that γνῶσις had become associated with Gnosticism, then incipient in the Church. Mayor quotes Clem. Alex. Strom. i. p. 372, and Str., vi., p. 759, where kar’ ἐπίγνωσιν is twice opposed to κατὰ περίφασιν ( = ona broad general view, cf. Mayor’s note, p. 213). Grace and peace are multiplied in and through this more