πω
2—7.
135
ζόφου 1 ταρταρώσας παρέδωκεν εἰς κρίσιν THpoupevous,” 5. καὶ dpxa-¢ Plato,
Legg. 3,
fou κόσμου οὐκ ἐφείσατο, ἀλλὰ 5 ὄγδοον ’ Νῶε δικαιοσύνης κήρυκα 6956, uf,
ἐφύλαξεν, κατακλυσμὸν κόσµω ἀσεβῶν Sémdgas” 6.
καὶ πόλεις Pelop.c.
13, Dem.
, , , a ene, 3 Σοδόµων καὶ Γομόρρας τεφρώσας “kataotpody κατέκρινεν, ὑπόδειγμα i. 812, 3
µεΧλόντων ἀσεβέσιν ὃ τεθεικώς, 7.
A , A ‘| καὶ δίκαιον Λὼτ καταπονού- 27.
Macc. v.
Art.
eo Xs a a ἀθέ .. > λ 4 > a ried f - μενον υπο της των ἄνεσμων εν ἄσελγεια ἀναστροφῆς ερυσατο;”-- absent ii.
G. pp. 571.
1ζοφου SBCKLP, Ti., Treg., WH; ζοφοις ΝΑ.
g Luke xiii. 34, Acts xiv. 27.
ιο, Abbott, J. h Matt. xx. 18. it Pet. iii. 2.
“The latter reading may
have arisen from a marginal -οις intended to connect σειραις, but wrongly applied
to fodov”’ (Mayor, Ed. p. cxciv.).
2 rnpoupevous BCKLP, syrh + Ti., Treg., WH; κολαζοµενους typew A, latt.,
ΘΥΤΡ, boh., sah.
ὃασεβεσιν BP, syrh, syrP, WH; τοις ασεβεσιν sah., boh.; ασεβειν SSACKL,
vulg., Treg., Ti.
punishment for apostate Jews, and Tar- tarus for the fallen angels. In Homer (e.g. Il. viii. 13) Hades is the place of confinement for dead men, and Tartarus is the name given to a murky abyss be- neath Hades in which the sins of fallen Immortals (Kronos, Japetos, and the Titans) are punished (cf. Salmond, H.B.D. ii. 344α). Hence 2 Peter uses this word in agreement with the Book of Enoch and Greek mythology, because he is speaking of fallen angels and not of men. As regards the cosmology that is here implied, it has been suggested that the earth is not regarded as flat, but the universe is conceived as two concentric spheres, the outer heaven, the inner the earth. The nether half of heaven is Tartarus, and the nether half of the earth is Hades (St. Clair, Expositor, July, 1902). The use ο: the word by 2 Peter is remark- able as implying an atmosphere of Greek thought in the circle in which he moved, and for which he wrote. ζόφος in Homer is used of the gloom of the nether world, Od xx.) 350, ο. Heb. ση, 18. | Also ν. 17 and Jude 6,13. It is implied that fallen angels and unrighteous men alike undergo temporary punishment until the day of their final doom, cf. νετ.ο. Enoch meas το σον, 2.
Ver. 5. ἀρχαίου κόσμου. ΤΠε article is omitted, which is not a mark of illi- teracy. This chapter is prophetic in form, and the omission of the article is character- istic of that style. Cf. Job. iii. το, Judges v. 5. (See Mayor, Ed. xxxiv. xxxv.). δικαιοσύνης κήρυκα. κηρ. in this sense is used in N.T. only here, and in 1 Tim. ii. 7,2 Tim.i. 11. 2 Peter again borrows from Jewish tradition as to the preaching
‘ of Noah. Cf. Jos. Antiq.i. 3, 1, Clem.
Rom. i. 7. κατακλυσμόν, cf. Matt. xxiv. 38, 39, Luke vii. 27, Gen. vi. 17. ἐπέξας. Aorist participle implies co-incident ac- tion. ‘He saved Ν.. . . while he sent, etc.” ἐπάγω is used of “setting-on,” “Jetting loose,” e.g. “dogs”. Odyssey, xix. 445, Xen. Cyr.x.19. ὄγδοον. “with seven others”. Classical Greek usage is toadd αὐτόν. Thereis much difficulty as to the significance of the numeral. The reference is no doubt to the sumber of Noah’s family. The numeral is placed in a prominent place in the sentence to lay stress on the small number saved out of the inhabited world, as a striking ex- ample of mercy in the midst of judgment, cf. 1 Pet. iii.20. Cf. P. Petr. ili. 28. ὅτι ἐδραγματοκλέπτει τρίτος ὤν (bis), cf. Abbott, J. G. § 562
Ver. 6. πόλεις Σοδ. καὶ Γομορρ. Not genitive of apposition, but cities of the district, where Sodom and Gomorrah were situated. Cf. Jude 7. Σ. καὶ Γ. καὶ ai
A > ΔΝ όλ ~ / «περὶ αὐτᾶς πόλεις καταστροφῇ κατέκρι-