Use of Apocryphal Books by Fude.—Clement of Alexandria in his Adumbrationes (Dind. vol. ΠΠ. p. 483), after quoting Jude 9, “Quando Michael archangelus cum diabolo disputans altercabatur de corpore Moysis,” remarks “Πίο confirmat Assumptionem Moysts,”’ {.ε., here the writer corroborates the Assumption of Moses; and again, in commenting on ver. 14, “Prophetavit autem de his septimus ab Adam Enoch,” he adds “His verbis prophetam (al. prophetiam) comprobat ”’.
The Hebrew original of the book of Enoch! is now lost. It was translated into Greek, of which only a few fragments remain, and this was again translated into Ethiopic, probably about 600 Α.Ρ. A copy of the last was found in Abyssinia in 1773 by Bruce, the famous traveller, and an English version was published by Abp. Laurence in 1821, followed by the Ethiopic text in 1838. The composite nature of the book is generally recognised. The latest editor, R. H. Charles, who is my authority for what follows, divides it into five sections and recognises many interpolations in these. He considers that the larger portion of the book was written not later than 160 B.c., and that no part is more recent than the Christian era. It exercised an import- ant influence on Jewish and Christian literature during the centuries which followed being used by the author of the Assumption of Moses (written about the Christian era), also by the writers of the Book of $ubilees, the Apocalypse of Baruch, the Fourth Book of Ezra, and the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs. Mr. Charles traces its influence in the N.T. not merely in the epistles of St. Jude and the two epistles of St. Peter, but above all, in the Apocalypse ; also in the Acts, and the epistle to the Hebrews, in some of the epistles of St. Paul, and in the Gospels. It is quoted three times (twice as Scripture) in the Epistle of Barnabas, is referred to, though not named, in Justin and Athenagoras, is cited by Irenzeus, iv. 16. 2: “Enoch. . . cum esset homo, legatione ad angelos fungebatur et trans- latus est et conservatur usque nunc testis judicii Dei, quoniam angeli
1ΟἨ which see Schiirer, Hist. of fewish People, vol. iii. pp. 54-73.