common, but not now found within the limits of the country. It is a tall, smooth flag or reed, with a large triangular stalk, containing the pith which furnished the paper. The paper was manufactured by cutting the pith into strips, arranging them horizontally, and then placing across them another layer of strips, uniting the two layers by a paste, and subjecting the whole to a heavy pressure. The upper and middle portions of the reed were used for this purpose. The fact that the plant is no longer found is significant in connection with Isaiah’s prophecy that “the flags (Heb. suph, papyrus) shall waste away ” (Isa. xix. 6). The plant grew in shallow water or in marshes, and is accordingly represented on the monuments as at the side of a stream or in irrigated lands.* The Jews wrote on various materials, such as the leaves of the olive and palm, the rind of the pomegranate, and the skins of animals. The tablet (wwaxidiov, Luke i. 63) was in very common use. It consisted of thin pieces of wood, strung together, and either plain, or covered with papyrus or with wax.
Ink (wéAavos). Lit., that which is black. The word occurs only once outside of John’s Epistles (2 Cor. iii. 3), and only three times in all (2 John 12; 8 John 13). Ink was prepared of soot or of vegetable or mineral substances. Gum and vitriol were also used. Colored inks, red and gold, were also em- ployed.t
To come unto you (yevéoIar mrpos tuas). Or, to be present with you. For the phrase, see 1 Cor. ii. 3; xvi. 10.
Face to face (ctéwa mpos otopua). Lit., mouth to mouth. Compare 7pdcwrov pos mpocwror, face to face, 1 Cor. xiii. 12.
Full (aemAnpopévn). Rev., rightly, fulfilled.
* Tor fuller details, see article Papyrus in ‘‘ Encyclopedia Britannica,”
9th edition, vol. xviii. +See Hdersheim, ‘‘ Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah,” ii, , 270,