which is in the forehead, is set upon al/ his servants without distinction of race. See ch. xiii. 16,17; xiv. 9; xvi. 2; xix. 20; xx. 4. The plagues threaten both Jews and Gentiles, as the sealing protects all.
9. |! saw. This vision belongs to heaven, while the sealing took place on earth.
Arrayed (epsSeBrnpévor). See on ch. iii. 5. Robes. See on ch. vi. 11.
‘¢ The ancient scriptures and the new The mark establish, and this shows it me, Of all the souls whom God hath made His friends. Isaiah saith that each one garmented In His own land shall be with twofold garments, * And his own land is this delightful life. Thy brother, too,{ far more explicitly, There where he treateth of the robes of white, This revelation manifests to us.”’
Dante, ‘‘ Paradiso,” xxv., 88-96.
Palms (dotvixes). Properly, palm-trees, but used here of palm-branches. Not a heathen but a Jewish image drawn probably from the Feast of Tabernacles. See on John vii. 2.
10. Cried. The correct reading is xpafovew they cry. So Rev.
Salvation. The praise of salvation, ascribing salvation to God.
11. Stood (éo77xecav). Rev., more correctly, were standing. The tense is the pluperfect, used in this verb as an imperfect.
12. Blessing, etc. On the doxologies, see on ch. i. 6.
*Dante’s reference is to Isa. lxi. 7, where, however, there is no reference to garments, but merely to a double compensation. ¢ John.
13. Answered. In the sense of taking up speech in con- nection with some given occasion, as Matt. xi. 25. See also on John ii. 18.
What are these, etc. The Rev., properly, follows the Greek order, which places first “These which are arrayed in the white robes, who are they?” emphatic and indicating the natural order of the thought as it presents itself to the inquirer. For what, render who, as Rev.
14. I said (eipnxa). Lit., J have said. RRev., renders by the present, J say. See on cried. John i. 15.
Sir (kupse). Add pov my, and render, as Rev., my Lord. An address of reverence as to a heavenly being. See on Matt. XX. o:
Which came (oi épyopuevor). The present participle. Hence, as Rev., which come.
Out of great tribulation (é« tis PrApews tijs peydarys). Lit., out of the tribulation, the great (tribulation). Rev., prop- erly, gives the force of the article, “the great.” See on Matt. xiii. 21.
Have washed (éAvvav). The aorist tense. Rev., correctly, they washed. Only here and Luke v. 2, on which see note. For the New Testament words for washing, see on Acts xvi. 33.
Made them white. Compare Isa. i. 18; Ps. li. 7; Mark ix. 8. Milligan remarks that robes are the expression of char- acter, and compares the word Aadit used of dress.
15. Therefore. Because of this washing. Before the throne. Compare Eph. v. 27.
Serve (Aatpevovow). See on Lukei. 74. In scripture the verb never expresses any other service but that of the true God, or of the gods of heathenism.
504 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. Temple (vag). Or sanctuary. See on Matt. iv. 5.
Dwell (cxnvéce). From oxnvy a tent or tabernacle. Hence better, as Rev., shall spread His tabernacle. See on John i. 14, and compare Lev. xxvi. 11; Isa. iv. 5, 6; Ezek. xxxvii. 27.
16. They shall hunger no more, etc. Compare Isa. xlix. 10.
Heat (xadua). In Isa. xlix. 10, the word xavowv the scorch- ing wind or strocco is used. See on Matt. xx. 12; Jas.i. 11.
17. In the midst (avd pecov). See on ch. v. 6.
Shall feed (srowuave?). See on shall be shepherd of, Matt. ii. 6; Acts xx. 28; 1 Pet. v. 2. Compare Ps. xxiii. 1.
Shall lead (odnyjoe). See on Luke vi. 39.
Living fountains of waters (focas mnyas bddtwv). For the participle diving, read Cwas of life, and render as Rev., fountains of waters of life. Compare Ps. xxiii. 2. In the Greek order, of defe stands first as emphatic.