6. Double (SurAdcate). Only here in the New Testament. Compare Isa. xl. 2; Jer. xvi. 18; Zech. ix. 12. The Levitical law insisted on the double recompense. See Exod. xxii. 4, 7, 9.
%. Lived deliciously (éotpyviacev). See on ver. 3.
Torment (Sacavcpsov). Only in the Apocalypse. On the kindred word Bdcavos torment, see on Matt. iv. 23, 24.
I sit a queen and am no widow. See Isa. xlvii. 8; Zeph. ii. 15.
8. Therefore shall her plagues come, etc. See Isa. xlvii. 8, 9.
Who judgeth (6 xpivwv). Read xpivas judged.
11. Merchandise (youov). Only here, ver. 12, and Acts xxi. 8. From yéuo to be full. Hence, literally, lading or cargo. So Rev., in margin.
The main features of the following description are taken from that of the destruction of Tyre, Ezek. xxvi., xxvii.
12. Fine Linen (@vccov). See on Luke xvi. 19.
Purple (zoppipas). See on Luke xvi. 19.
Silk (cnpixod). Properly an adjective, meaning pertaining to the Seres. From 3fpes Seres, a people of India, perhaps of modern China.
Before the time of Justinian, when silkworms were first brought to Constantinople, it was thought that the Seres gath- ered or combed the downy substance woven by the worms from the leaves of certain trees. Hence Virgil speaks of the Seres, how they comb (depectant) the fine fleeces from the leaves (‘‘ Georgies,” ii, 121).
Silk was a costly article of luxury among the Romans, so that Tacitus relates that in the reign of Tiberius a law was passed against “men disgracing themselves with silken garments”