98 PART II. Ch. v. — original STATE OF MAN.
which was lost by the fall, and which is restored by redemption. Thus Luther says : " So ist nun hier so viel gesagt, dass der Mensch am Anfang geschafFen ist ein Bild, das Gott ahnHch war, voll Weisheit, Tugend, Liebe und kurzum gleich wie Gott, also dass er voll Gottes war." And: "Das ist Gottes Bild, das eben also wie Gott gesinnet ist und sich immer nach ihm ahmet." ^ Calovins and other Lutheran theologians say expressly : "Anima ipsa rationalis non est imago divina, aut imaginis pars, quia anima non est amissa, at imago amissa est." And again : " Unde patet, conformitatem, quse in substantia animse reperitur aut corporis, ad imaginem Dei, stylo biblico descriptam, non pertinere, quia substan- tia animae aut corporis per lapsum non est perdita, nee per renova- tionem restauratur." This, however, is rather a dispute about the Scriptural use of the phrase " image of God," as applied to man in his original estate, than about the fact itself; for the Lutherans did not deny that the soul as to its nature or substance is like God. Plollazius admits that " Ipsa substantia animse humanae qusedam Beta seu divina exprimit, et exemplar divinitatis refert. Nam Deus est spiritus immaterialis, intelligens, voluntate libera agens, etc., etc. Quae praedicata de anima humana certo modo afRrmari possunt." ^ The Reformed theologians take the middle ground between the extremes of makiner the imacje of God to consist exclusively in man's rational nature, or exclusively in his moral conformity to his Maker. They distinctly include both. Calvin ^ says. Imago Dei est "Integra naturae humanse preestantia, quae refulsit in Adam ante defectionem postea sic vitiata et props deleta, ut nihil ex ruina nisi confusum, mutilum, labeque infectum supersit." H. aDiest^ is more explicit: "Imago Dei fuit partim inamissibilis, partim amissi- bilis ; inamissibilis, quse post lapsum Integra permansit, veluti aniina3 substantia spiritualis, immortalis, rationalis, cum potentiis intelligendi et Hbere volendi ; amissibilis, quse partim plane periit, partim corrupta est, manentibus tantum exiguis ejusdem reliquiis ; veluti in intellectu iiisignis sapientia, in voluntate et afFectibus vera justitia et sanctitas, in corpore irnmortalitas, sanitas, fortitudo, pulchritudo, dominium in animalia, copia omnium bonorum et jus utendi creaturis." Maresius^ says: "Imago Dei spectavit, (1.) Animas essentiam et conditionem spiritualem, intelligentem et volentem, quod contra Lutheranos per- tendimus, quum post lapsum etiam rudera imaginis Dei adsint. (2.) Ehixit in accidentali animae perfectione, mentis lumine, vol-
1 Sermons on Genesis, edit. Erlangen, 1843, vol. xxxiii. pp. 55, 67.
2 JExamen, Leipzig, 1763, p. 4G3.
3 Instittitio, lib. i. xv. 4, edit. Berlin, 1834, vol. i. p. 130. * Theologia Biblica, Daveiitri;e, 1G44, pp. 73, 74.
« Collegium Theologicurn, loc. v. 52, 53, 54, edit. Gruniiigen, 1659. D. 60.