RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Atterbury Auburn
the following year he entered the Universalist ministry and until 1879 held various pastorates in New York, Maine, and Massachusetts. He then became president of the Canton (N. Y.) Theological School, where he remained until 1899. Since 1898 he has been general superintendent of the Universalist Church in the United States and Canada, of which he was also appointed secretary in 1905. He lectured before the St. Lawrence University Divinity School in 1900-06 and before the Lombard College Divinity School in 1906. He was vice-president of the Universalist General Convention in 1880-85 and is a member of the Advisory Board of the New York State League of Churches and of the committee on churches in the Religious Education Association. From 1867 to 1874 he edited the Christian Leader, of which he has since been associate editor, while in 1886-89 he was a staff-contributor to the Independent and in 1892-94 was on the editorial staff of the Standard Dictionary. He is also a member of the American Social Science Association and of the New York Economic Club. In theology he holds firmly to the cardinal doctrine of the Universalist denomination. His principal writings are: Have We Outgrown Christianity ? (Boston, 1870); Latest Word of Universalism (1879); Walks About Zion (1880); Episcopacy (1885); Revelation (1893); and Balance Sheet of Biblical Criticism (1896).
ATZBERGER, LEONHARD: Roman Catholic; b. at Velden (a village near Vilsviburg, 42 m. n.e. of Munich) July 23, 1854. He was educated at the Gymnasium and Lyceum of Freising and at the University of Munich. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1879, and three years later became privat-docent at Munich, where he was university preacher in 1886. In 1888 he was appointed associate professor of theology at the same university, and was promoted to full professor in 1894. He has written Die Logoslehre des heiligen Athanasius (Munich, 1880); Die Unsiindlichkeit Christi (1883); Christliche Eschatologie in den Stadien ihrer Offenbarung im Alten und Neuen Testament (Freiburg, 1890); Der Glaube (1891); Geschichte der christlichen Eschatologie in der vornicanischen Zeit (1896); and Handbuch der katholischen Dogmatik (1898- 1903; being the fourth volume of the work of the same title by M. J. Scheeben).
AUBERLEN, au'ber-len, KARL AUGUST : Theologian; b. at Fellbach, near Stuttgart, Nov. 19, 1824; d. at Basel May 2, 1864. He studied in the seminary of Blaubeuren 1837-41, and theology at Tubingen 1841-45; became repetent in theology at Tubingen 1849, and professor at Basel 1851. As a young man he was attracted by the views of Goethe and Hegel and enthusiastic for the criticism of Baur; but he later became an adherent of the old Wurttemberg circle of theologians — Bengel, Oetinger, Roos, etc. He published Die Theosophie Oetingers (Tubingen, 1847); Der Prophet Daniel und die Offenbarung Johannis (Basel, 1854; Eng. transl., by Adolph Saphir, The Prophecies of Daniel and the Revelation, Edinburgh, 1874; 2d German ed., 1857); Die gbttliche Offenbarung (i, Basel,
1861; Eng. transl., with memoir, Edinburgh, 1867). A volume of sermons appeared in 1845; a volume of lectures on the Christian faith in 1861.
AUBERTIN, o"b&r"tan', EDME : French Reformed clergyman; b. at Chalons-sur-Marne (90 m.e. of Paris) 1595; d. at Paris Apr. 5, 1652. He became minister at Chartres 1618, and at Charenton (Paris) 1631. To prove that the doctrine of the Reformed Church concerning the Eucharist was the same as that of the ancient Church, he wrote Conformite de la creance de VEglise avec celle de St. Augustin sur le sacrement de V Eucharistie (Paris, 1626), afterward enlarged and entitled L' Eucharistie de Vancienne figlise (1629). The work attracted attention and caused much controversy.
AUBIGNE, JEAN HENRI MERLE D\ See Merle d'Aubigne.
AUBIGNE, 5"bt"ny6', THEODORE AGRIPPA
D : Huguenot soldier and writer; b. at St. Maury, near Pons (50 m. n. of Bordeaux), in Saintonge, Feb. 8, 1552; d. at Geneva Apr. 29, 1630. He grew up under influences which tended to make him a strong partizan in the religious disputes of the time; studied for a period under Beza at Geneva, but ran away to join a Huguenot regiment at the age of fifteen; fought with distinction through the wars which ended in the accession of Henry IV, and, notwithstanding his rough manners and unpolitic candor, retained the friendship of the king till his death. After the abjuration of Henry he retired from the court, and devoted the later years of his life to literary work. In 1620 to escape threatening persecution he took refuge in Geneva. One of his sons was the father of Madame de Maintenon. His most important work was the Histoire universelle depuis 1560 jusqu'a Van 1601 (3 vols., Maille, 1616-20; new ed., by A. de Ruble, 9 vols., Paris, 1886-98). The Tragiques (1616; ed. C. Read, 2 vols., Paris, 1896), a long epic poem, treats in bad verse of the same subject as the Histoire universelle. These works, little read when published, and almost forgotten during the eighteenth century, in modern times have come to be regarded as valuable sources of French history. His complete works have been edited by E. R6aume and F. de Caussade (6 vols., Paris, 1873-92).
Bibliography: His autobiography was published by L. Lalaune, Memoires de T. A. d'Aubigne, Paris, 1889. Consult further E. Prarond, Les Poeles historiens; . d'Aubigne sous Henri III., Paris, 1873; P. Morillot, Discours sur la vie et les ceuvres d'Agrippa d'Aubigne, Paris, 1884; A. von Salis, Agrippa d'Aubigne, Heidelberg, 1885; G. Guizot, Agrippa d'Aubigne, Paris, 1890.
AUBURN DECLARATION: An incident of the Old and New School controversy in the Presbyterian Church in 1837. The General Assembly of that year, controlled by the Old School party, "exscinded" the synods of Utica, Geneva, and Genesee, in New York, and Western Reserve, in Ohio, declaring them to be " neither in form nor in fact a part of the Presbyterian Church." On the 17th of the following August a convention of about two hundred clergymen and a number of prominent laymen, representing all the presbyteries in these synods, met in Auburn, N. Y., to repel the charge
Auburn Aug-sburg-