RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Bahrdt Baird
BAIER, JOHANNES : German Roman Catholic; b. at Hetzles (a suburb of Erlangen) Oct. 16,' 1852. He was educated at the Lyceum of Bamberg and the University of Munich (D.D., 1885), and was ordained to the priesthood in 1877. From that year until 1882 he was a tutor in the archiepiscopal seminary for boys at Bamberg and also assistant lecturer in dogmatics at the lyceum of the same city, besides being assistant parish priest at Bamberg and Nuremberg in the summer of 1877 and at Hersbruck in 1879-80. In 1882-86 he was a teacher of religion at the normal school at Bamberg, where he became Oberlehrer and tutor in the latter year, and where he has been professor since 1901. Since 1906 he has been headmaster of the same institution, and in the same year was made an honorary Austin friar. In theology " he belongs to the conservative party and is a friend of rational sound progress." Besides many contributions to theological and philosophical periodicals, and in addition to numerous poems, he has written, frequently under the pseudonym of Dr. Johannes Scholasticus, Die Naturehe (Regensburg, 1886); Die religiose Unterweisung in der Volksschule (Wurzburg, 1890); Der heilige Bruno, Bischof von Wurzburg, als Katechet (1891); Das alte Augustinerkloster in Wurzburg (1894); Die Stellung der Religionsunterricht zur Philosophic Herbarts (1895); Dr. Martin Luthers Aufenthalt in Wurzburg (1895); Die Geschichte des Cisterzienserklosters Langheim mit den Wallfahrtsorten Vierzehnheiligen und Marienweiher (1895); Die Geschichte der beiden Karmelitenkloster und des Reurerinnenklosters im Wurzburg (1900); Sailers Buck uber Erziehung fur Erzieher (Freiburg, 1901); Analyse und Synthese im Religionsunterricht (Wurzburg, 1902); Sailer in seinem Verhaltnis zur modernen Padagogik (1904); Die Willensbildung (Kempten, 1905); and Methodik des Religionsunterrichts in Volks- und Mittelschulen (Leipsic, 1906).
BAILEY, HENRY; Church of England, canon of St. Augustine's, Canterbury; b. at North Leverton (13 m. n.w. of Lincoln), Notts., Feb. 12, 1815. He was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge (B.A., 1839). He was Crosse University Scholar in 1839 and Tyrwhitt Hebrew University Scholar, 1st class, two years later, while he was elected fellow of his college in 1842 and Hebrew lecturer in 1848. From 1850 to 1878 he was warden of St. Augustine's College, of which he has been honorary fellow since 1878, and after 1863 was honorary canon of Canterbury. He was also rector of West Tarring, Sussex, from 1878 to 1892 and was rural dean of Storrington in 1886-92. He was twice appointed Select Preacher at Cambridge and was Proctor in Convocation in 1886-92. Since 1888 he has been canon of St. Augustine's. He has written Rituale Anglo-Catholicum (London, 1847); Manual of Devotion for Clergy (1890); and Gospel of the Kingdom (1902).
BAILLET, ba"ye', ADRIEN: Roman Catholic; b. at Neuville, near Beauvais (54 m. n.n.w. of Paris), June 13, 1649; d. in Paris Jan. 21, 1706. He was educated in the Seminary of Beauvais; became a priest 1675 and obtained a small vicarage; in 1680
he was appointed secretary to Lamoignon, president of the Parliament of Paris, and spent the rest of his life in unremitting devotion to study. His most important works were: Jugements des savants sur les principaux ouvrages et auteurs (9 vols., Paris, 1685-86); Les vies des saints (3 vols., 1695-1701); Vie de Descartes (2 vols., 1691); Histoire de Hollande, a continuation of Grotius (4 vols., 1693). He was favorable to the Jansenists and has been called hypercritical. A monograph, De la devotion a la Sainte Vierge et du culte qui lui est du (1693) was thought to attack the doctrine and practise of the Church and put upon the Index, and a like fate befell the first and second volumes of the Vies des saints, which were said to contain remarks little short of slanderous. The first volume of the Amsterdam edition (1725) of the Jugements des savants contains an Abrege of his life.
BAILLIE, ROBERT: Presbyterian; b. at Glasgow 1599; d. there July, 1662. He studied at his native city, and was made professor of divinity there in 1642, and principal of the university in 1661. He was a fine scholar and took an active part and wrote much in all the church controversies in his time. His Letters and Journals (ed. David Laing, 3 vols., Edinburgh, 1841-42, with a notice of his writings and a description of his life) are of great historical interest. To him we owe a graphic description of the Westminster Assembly of Divines, to which body he was sent as one of the five Scotch clergymen in 1643, and sat in it for three years.
Bibliography: Biographia Britannica, ed. A. Kippis, i, 510-515, London, 1778; T. Carlyle, Baillie the Covenanter, in Westminster Review, xxxvii, 43, reprinted in his Miscellanies (a remarkable paper); DNB, ii, 420-422.
BAIRD, CHARLES WASHINGTON: Presbyterian; b. at Princeton, N. J., Aug. 28, 1828, son of Robert Baird (q.v.); d. at Rye, N. Y., Feb. 10, 1887. He was graduated at the University of the City of New York, 1848, and at Union Theological Seminary, 1852; was chaplain of the American Chapel at Rome, Italy, 1852-54; agent of the American and Foreign Christian Union in New York 1854-55; pastor of the Reformed (Dutch) Church on Bergen Hill, Brooklyn, 1859-61; of the Presbyterian Church at Rye, N. Y., 1861-87. He published Eutaxia, or the Presbyterian Liturgies (New York, 1855; revised and reprinted as A Chapter on Liturgies, with preface, and appendix, Are Dissenters to Have a Liturgy ? by Thomas Binney, London, 1856); A Book of Public Prayer compiled from the authorized formularies of worship of the Presbyterian Church as prepared by the Reformers Calvin, Knox, Bucer, and others (New York, 1857); A History of Rye, Westchester County, N Y (1871); A History of the Huguenot Emigration to America (2 vols., 1885, new ed., 1901; left incomplete at his death).
BAIRD, HENRY MARTYN: Presbyterian, author of the authoritative history of the Huguenots; b. at Philadelphia, Pa., Jan. 17, 1832, son of Robert Baird (q.v.); d. at Yonkers, N. Y., Nov. 11, 1906. He was educated at New York University (B.A., 1850), the University of Athens, Greece (1851-52),
Baird Baker