THE NEW SCUIAFF-HERZOG
islaturc for Natick, and from 1889 to 1893 was superintendent of Indian Schools of the United States. After 1803 he lived in retirement at Melnwe and \\ est Roxbury, M;iss. He \\rot(> The Concestiions of LUktoUMx to Orthodox// (Boston, JS7S); The Pnihlcm of licligioti.'i Prtujrcss (New York, 1881); Why of Methodism (1887), Chrislianilij in the United States (1888); Romanism versus the Public School Si/stem (1888); and Christianity Vindicated by its [Enemies (1896).
DOREMUS, SARAH PLATT (HAINES): Reformed (Dutch) philanthropist; b. in New York Aus. 3, 1802; d. there Jan. 29, 1877. In 1821 she married Thomas C. Dorenuis, a wealthy merchant of New York, and seven years later began philanthropic work for Greek women during the Greco- Turkish war. In 1835 she took an active interest in the Canadian Grande Ligne mission, later becoming president of a society for the furtherance of this work. In 1840 she commenced to hold Sunday services in the female wards of the Tombs in New York, and on the formation of the Woman's Prison Association, two years later, she became one of its managers and was its president after 1863. In 1841 she became a manager of the New York City and Tract Mission, and nine years later aided in the foundation of the House and School of Industry, of which she was elected president in 1807. She was also one of the founders of the Nursery and Child's Hospital in 1854, and in 1855 was one of the prime movers in the establishment of the Woman's Hospital in New York, the first of its kind in the world, of which she became president in 1SG4. In 1S()0 she aided materially in the establishment of the AVoman's Union Missionary Society; in 1866 she helped to organize the Presbyterian Home for Aged Women, and in 1876 she was one of the committee to form the Gould .Memorial in behalf of Italo-American schools. But it was as the friend of every American Protestant foreign missionary and one who kept open house fur tliem so long as her hnslwnd's means allowed that her memory will be longest preserved.
Bibliography: In Memoriam of Mrs. Doremus, Edinburgh, 1S77.
DORNER, AUGUST JOHANNES: German Protestant, son of Isaak August Dorner (q.v.); b. at Schiltacli (30 m. n.e. of Freiburg) May 13, 1846. He studied in Guttingen, Tubingen, and Berlin (rii.D., lS(i7), and, after being Vikar to the-German congregation in Lyons and Marseilles (1800) and traveling in the Orient (1870), was lecturer at Gottingon 1870-73. He then visited the United States, and on his return was professor and codirector of the theological seminary at Wittenberg 1S71-89. Since 1S89 he has been profe.ssor of systematic theology at Konigsberg. He has edited his father's Si/ntem der christlichen Sittenlehre (Berlin, iSNo) and Bricjioeclixii ziviscficn IL L. Marten-^rn und 1. A Dorner (2 vols., 1888), and has written l)e Baconis -phUo^^ojilria (Berlin, 1867); Auijnslmus, seine iheologische und seme reliijionsphilosophiftehc Ansihaunni) (1873); Ueber die Prinzipicn (ler Ktinlsclien PAliik (Halle, 1875); Prcdiijten rom heirhe Ooile.-i (Beilin, 1880); Kirehe
und Reieh Gottcs (Gotha, 1883); Das menschliche Erkennen (Berlin, 1887); Das jnenschliche Handeln (1895); Grundriss der Dogmengeschiehte (1899); Grundriss ile.r J']nci/kl(ip(i<lie der Tlicologie (1901); Ziir Gesckichte dcs silllichcn Denkens und Lebens (Hamburg, 1901); Grundriss der Religionsphilosophie (Leipsic, 1903); Grundprobleme der Religionsphilosophie (Berlin, 1903); Individuelle und soziale Ethik (Leipsic, 1906); and Die Entstehung der christlichen Glaubenslehren (Munich, 1906).
DORNER, ISAAK AUGUST.
Early Life. Trofcssorship at Tubingen (§ 1).
Professcir at Kiel (§ 2).
Later Life. In Berlin (§ 3).
Dorner's Tkeology. His Personality (§ 4).
His Works (§ 5).
One of the foremost German theologians of the nineteenth century; b. at Neuhausen ob Eck. (60 m. s.s.w. of Stuttgart), Wiirttemberg, June 20, 1809; d. at Wiesbaden July 8, 1884. His father was pastor at Neuhausen. He studied in the Latin school at Tuttlingen, the collegiate seminary at Maulbronn, and the University of Tubingen (1827-32). For two years he assisted his father as pastor, then became repetent in theology (1834) and professor extraordinary (1838) at Tubingen. In 1835 his colleague David Friedrich Strauss (q.v.) published his Leben Jesu, and Dorner was induced in 1839 to issue his Entwickelungsgeschichte der Lehre von der Person Christi, a work
of directly opposite tendency, in which I. Early the historical Christ of the Gospels is Life. traced through the ages of the Church Professor- as the greatest fact in Christian ship at thought and experience. This work Tubingen, determined Dorner's place among
theologians and doctrinal historians, and was a most effectual answer to Strauss and his mythical theory. The work was afterward greatly enlarged and improved by an exhaustive study of the sources from the Apostolic Age down to the kenosis controversy (see Christology; Kenosis), and appeared in a second edition as Die Lehre von der Person Christi (4 vols., Stuttgart, 1846-56; Eng. transl., History of the Developvv nt of the Doctrine of the Person of Christ, 5 vols., Edinburgh, 1861-63).
From 1839 to 1843 Dorner was professor in Kiel. His principal writing during this period was the dogmatic treatise dedicated to Claus Harms (q.v.), Das Princip unserer Kirche nach dem innern Verhaltniss seiner zwei Seiten betraehtvt (Kiel, 1841).
In this work he maintained that the 2. Profes- so-called material and formal princisor at pies of the Reformation — i.e., justifi- Kiel. cation by faith, and the supreme
authority of Scripture — were to be considered as two pillars inseparably joined, so that each stands with and through the other. This was his word of comfort to those distressed by Strauss. No criticism can alter the fact that the primitive Church did record in the New Testament, by means of the Spirit proceeding from Christ, its impressions and experiences of Christ's salvation. On the other hand, faith holds fast to the written word. For the Christ whom faith