THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
written De veteris Latince Ecclesiastici capitibus i.-xliii., una cum notis ex ejusdem libri translationibus JEthiopica, Armeniaca, Copticis, Latina altera, Syro-Hexaplari depromptis (Leipsic, 1897); and Die Briefe zu Beginn des zweiten Maccabaerbuches (Freiburg, 1903).
HERKLESS, JOHN: Scotch Presbyterian; b. at Glasgow Aug. 9, 1S55. He was educated at the universities of Glasgow (1872-81) and Jena (1880); was tutor in English literature in Queen Margaret College, Glasgow (1880-83); assistant minister in St. Matthew's Parish Church, Glasgow (1881-83), and minister of the parish of- Tannadice (1883-94). Since 1894 he has been regius professor of ecclesiastical history in St. Andrew's University. He has written Cardinal Beaton, Priest and Politician (Edinburgh, 1891); Richard Cameron (1896); The Church of Scotland (London, 1897); Francis and Dominic (Edinburgh, 1901); The Early Christian Martyrs (London, 1904); The College of St. Leonard (Edinburgh, 1905); and The Archbishops of St. Andrews, i. (1907), in addition to editing Hebrews in The Temple Bible (London, 1902).
HERLE, CHARLES: English Puritan; b. at Prideaux Herle, Cornwall, 1598; d. at Winwick, Lancashire, Sept., 1659. He entered Exeter College, Oxford, in 1612, and took his master's degree in 1618. He settled as a minister, at first in Devonshire, but soon after became rector of Winwick in Lancashire, where he remained until his death. He was appointed one of the Westminster Assembly of Divines in 1643, and, after the death of Dr. Twisse, as prolocutor of the same; in which position he continued to the close. He was a generousminded Puritan and Presbyterian, with an irenic spirit, and took an active part in the organization of the Provincial Assembly of Lancashire, in providing a learned and faithful ministry for the churches, and in excluding the scandalous and ignorant, for which he received much ill-deserved reproach. His principal works are of a practical character: Contemplations and Devotions (pp. 546, London, 1631); Independency on Scriptures of the Independency of the Churches (4to, pp. 44, London, 1643), irenic toward the Independents; and Wisdom's Tripos (London, 1655), in which he shows the excellency of Christian wisdom above that of worldly policy and moral prudence. He also delivered several sermons before Parliament, of which may be mentioned A Pair of Compasses for Church and State (Nov., 1642) and David's Song (June, 1643). For further information see Wood, Athena; Oxonienses, hi. 477; and Reid, Memoirs of Westminster Divines (Paisley, 1811). C. A. Briggs.
HERMAN (HERIMAN) CONTRACTUS ("the Lame "): One of the most learned men of the ' eleventh century and one of the best German chroniclers; b. July 18, 1013; d. in the monastery of Reichenau (on an island of the Untersee of the Lake of Constance, 4 m. n.w. of Constance) Sept. 21, 1054. When Herman was only seven years old he entered the monastery of Reichenau which, under Abbot Berno (q.v.), was renowned for its scientific achievements. In his thirtieth year ho took the vows. Though early lamed by gout, he
was very gifted, and distinguished himself especially in mathematics, astronomy, and music. His scholarship attracted numerous pupils. He composed poems, but his principal work is a chronicle from the birth of Christ, and is the first world-chronicle of the Middle Ages. Its chief merit lies in its strict chronological arrangement. From 1040 to 1054, the year of Herman's death, he relates from his own recollections and the reports of contemporaries, and his chronicle is a valuable source for the time of Henry III. (Wilhelm Altmann.)
Bibliography: Herman's Chronicon, ed. G. H. Pertz is in MGH, Script., v (1844), 67-133, cf. J. May, in NA xii (1887), 226-231; a German transl. by K. Nobbe, ed.' W. Wattenbach, was published Leipsie, 1883. An early Vita is in MPL, cxliii. 24-30. Consult ASB, July, iv. 580; H. Hansjacob, Herimann der Lahme, Mainz, 1875; H. Bresslau, in NA, ii (1877), 566-576; W. Wattenbach, DGQ, ii (1894), 41 sqq.; W. Gundlach, Heldenlieder der deutschen Kaiserzeit, ii. 122 sqq., Innsbruck, 1896; J. R. Dieterich, Die Geschichtsquellen des Klosters Reichenau, Giessen, 1897, cf. NA, xxiii (1898), 268; further literature is in Potthast, Wegweiser, pp. 587-588.
HERMAN OF FRITZLAR: The putative author or collector of a life of the saints which, according to its own statement, was written in the years 1343-49. It consists of a preface followed by a number of sermons on the lives of the saints, written in the dialect of central Germany and valuable for the descriptions they contain of contemporary life in Germany and the Romance countries. Mingled with the legendary material are speculations of a mystic character bearing the imprint of the later Eckhartian thought. The author must have traveled extensively in southern Europe, but it is now known that it is incorrect to attribute to Herman an important part in the compilation, which was largely the work of the writer of the manuscript. The collection goes back to an earlier aggregation of sermons collected by the Dominican Gisiler of Slatheim (Schlotheim, n.w. of Erfurt), in which, with still earlier sermons, the compiler included some of his own delivered at Erfurt before 1337. Probably Gisiler was the composer of both collections, the latter being made at the suggestion of Herman, some of whose experiences were added to the contents of the first work.
(A. HBGLERf) K. HOLL. Bibliography: F. Pfeiffer, Deutsche Mystiker des vierzehnten Jahrhunderts, i., pp. xiii.-xxii., 1-258, 409-472, 570- 574, Leipsic, 1845; W Preger, Geschichte der deutschen Mystik im Mittelalter, ii. 91 sqq., 160 sqq., 426 sqq., 447 sqq., Leipsic, 1881; ADB, viii. 118-119.
HERMAN OF LEHNIN. See Lehnin Prophecy.
HERMAN OF RYS WICK : Heretic ; burned at the stake in The Hague Dec. 14, 1512. His name and the place of his condemnation indicate that he was a Netherlander. In 1502 he was condemned to life imprisonment on charges of heresy by the inquisitor Johannes van Ommaten, and perhaps would have come to the stake at that time, had he not expressed repentance for his views. It is not known how long or where he was imprisoned. But he escaped, and began again to teach his heresies and promulgate them in writing. In 1512 he was tried, and after his admission that he had written the numerous heretical books laid before him, he was