THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
Christian Denominations.
Abyssinian ■ .
Anglican
Armenian
Baptist
Calvinist . . _■ .
Congregationalist. ■
Greek
Lutheran
Methodist
Presbyterian.
Quaker
Roman Catholic
Salvation Army
Jacobite Syrian
Roman Syrian.
Minor Denominations
Unclassified
Numbers.
453,462
1,053
221,040
37,874
155,455
76,907
53,931
1,309
1,202,169
18,960
248,741
322,586
22,699
106,292
Bibliography: On the subject of populations and castes, as well as of religion, an essential is the General Report of the Census of India, 1901, London, 1904. Consult further: E. W Hopkins, Mutual Relations of the Four Castes, Leipsic, 1881; H. H. Risley, Tribes and Castes of Bengal, 4 vols., Calcutta, 1891; I. F. Hewitt, The Ruling Races of Prehistoric Tribes in India, Westminster, 1894; Bhattacharya, Hindu Casits and Sects, Calcutta, 1896; W Crooke, Tribes and Castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, 4 vols., Calcutta, 1896; E. S<§nart, Les Castes dans VInde, Paris, 1896; B. Hagen, Anthropologischer Atlas ostasiatischer Vblker, 2 parts, Wiesbaden, 1898; T. W Webber, The Forests of Upper India and Their Inhabitants, London, 1902.
On the history of India consult: J. T. Wheeler, Hist, of India from the Earliest Ages, 4 vols, in 5, London, 1867- 1881; P. Anderson, The English in Western /ncita, Bombay, 1856; H. M. Elliot, Hist, of India as Told by its own Historians, 8 vols., London, 1867-77; J. T. Wheeler, India under British Rule, London, 1886; H. G. Keene, The Fall of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan, ib. 1887; W. W Hunter, The Indian Empire, its Peoples, Hist., and Products, ib., 1893; idem, A Brief Hist, of Indian Peoples, ib. 1893; J. C. Marshman, Abridgment of the History of India, Edinburgh, 1893; L. J. Trotter, Hist, of India, ib., 1899; W. St. Clair, India, its Hist., Darkness and Dawn, ib., 1901; C. H. Forbes Lindsay, India Past and Present, 2 vols., Philadelphia, 1903; Stanley Lane-Poole, Medieval India under Mohammedan Rule, New York, 1903; A. V. W. Jackson, ed., Hist, of India, 9 vols., ib., 1907; V A. Smith, Early Hist, of India from 600 B.C. to the Mohammedan Conquest, Oxford, 1908; L. D. Barnett, The Heart of India; Sketches in the Hist, of Hindu Religion and Morals, New York, 1908; J. Jones, India: its Life and Thought, ib., 1908. For the early traditions of Englishmen in India consult the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, ed. B. Thorpe in Rolls Series, 2 vols., London, or ed. C. Plummer, 2 vols., Oxford, 1892-99; William of Malmesbury, De gestis pontiflcum Anglorum, ed. N. E. S. A. Hamilton, in Rolls Series, London, 1870; idem, De gestis regum Anglorum, ed. W. Stubbs, in Rolls Series, 2 vols., London, 1887-89.
The literature on the religions is quite fully given under Brahmanism; Buddhism; Hinduism; Jainism; Sikhs, Sikhism.
For the history of Christianity in India, consult the literature under Missions ; Carey, William ; Duff, Alexander; and Marshman, Joshua. Useful adjuncts are: J. Hough, History of Christianity in India from the Commencement of the Christian Era, 5 vols., London, 1839- 1860; B. Gogerly, The Pioneers; a Narrative of Facts connected with Early Missions in Bengal, ib., 1871; George Smith, A Short History of Christian Missions, ib., 1884; idem, The Conversion of India, ib., 1893; M. A. Sherring, Hist, of Protestant Missions in India, ed. E. Storrow, ib., 1884; Hist, of Christianity in India, Madras, 1895; L. R. Lovett, Primer of Modern Missions, London, 1894; idem, Hist, of London Missionary Society, 2 vols., ib., 1899: J. M. Thoburn, India and Southern Asia, Cincinnati, 1907; Mrs. M. B. Fuller, Wrongs of Indian Womanhood, ib. 1900; Mrs. M. M. Clark, A Corner in India, Philadelphia, 1907 (on the Naga Hills); J. Chamberlin, The Kingdom in India; its Progress and its Promise, New York, 1908; J. Richter, Hist, of Missions in India, ib., 1908; the histories of the various missionary agencies with their reports, and H. O. Dwight, H. A. Tupper, and E. M. Bliss, The Encyclopedia of Missions, ib.,, 1904.
For the history of theistic societies consult as sources: Indian Mirror, Calcutta, 1861-80; Sunday Mirror, ib.,
1880-82; The Liberal and the New Dispensation, ib. 1881 sqq.; Theistic Annual, ib., 1872 sqq.; Theistic Quarterly Review, ib., 1879. Consult also: The Adi Brahma Samaj, its Views and Principles, Calcutta, 1871; Mary Carpenter, Last Days in England of Ramohun Roy, London, 1886; K. Chunder Sen, Brahmo Soma], ib., 1870; J. Hesse, Der Brahma Samaj . in Basler Missions-M agazin, 1876,
pp. 385 sqq.; Sivanath Shastri, The New Dispensation and the Sadharan Brahma Samaj, Madras, 1881; Sen, Keshav Chandra, Brahmo Somaj, Calcutta, 1883; Ramachandra Vasu, Brahmoism, New York, 1844; F. Max Muller, in Biographical Essays, London, 1884 (gives accounts of recent religious movements); T. E. Slater, Keshab Chundra Sen and the Bramha Samaj, Madras, 1884, P. C. Mozoomdar, Life and Teachings of Chunder Sen, Calcutta, 1887; H. Baynes, Evolution of Religious Thought in India, London, 1889 (a full account); L. J. Frohmeyer, Neuere Reformbestrebungen im Hinduismus, in Basler Missions-M agazin, 1888, pp. 129 sqq.; The Offering of Devendranath Tagore, transl. by M. M. Chatterji, Lahore, 18S9; Rammohun Roy, English Works, 2 vols., London, 1888; Navakanta Chattopadhyaya, Life and Character of Ram Mohun Roy, Dacca, 1890; C. N. Aitchison, The Brahmo Somaj, in Church Missionary Intelligencer, 1893, pp. 161 sqq.; Pancha Maha Yajna Vidhi, transl. by Arjan Singh, Lahore, 1898; Bawa Chhajjin Singh, The Teachings of the Arya Samaj, Lahore, 1903; Dayanand Saraswati, Vedic Religion. ib. 1903; Hem Chandra Sarkar, The Religion of the Brahmo Samaj, Calcutta, 1906; the literature under Dayanand Saraswati; Rammohan Roy; Sen, Keshav Chandra; and Tagore, Devendranath.