RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Poems, Anonymous Poiret
On 5 for editions consult: Fabricius, ut sup., pp. 286- 294; Oehler, ut sup., pp. 776-781, Hartel, ut sup., pp. 308-325; and for discussions: Biihr, ut sup., p. 23; Manitius, ut sup., 344-348; O. Bardenhewer, Patrologie, Freiburg, 1901, Eng. transl., St. Louis, 1908.
On 6 for editions consult: Hartel, ut sup., pp. 302-305; Peiper, ut sup., 227-230; for discussions, Bahr, ut sup., p. 24; Ebert, ut sup., pp. 313-314; Manitius, ut sup., pp. 130-133.
For the rest the works already cited are available. Additional sources for one or more are: S. Brandt, Ueber das dem Lact. zugeschriebene Gedicht, Leipsic, 1891; W. Brandes, Ueber die friihchristliche Gedicht Laudes Domini, Brunswick, 1887; (on 10) G. Delisle, in Bibliotheque de I'ecole des chartes, ser. 6, vol. iii., pp. 297 sqq., Paris, 1867, and T. Mommsen, in Hermes, iv (1869), 350-363; (on 13-14): A. Mai, Classici auctores, v. 382-385, Rome, 1833, and A. Oxe, Victorini versus de lege Domini, Crefeld, 1894. For editions of 18 that of Bladus, Rome, 1542, and that in MPG, xxxviii. 131-338 may be named; and the later ones of F. Dubner, Paris, 1846; J. G. Brambs, Leipsic, 1885; A. Ellison, ib. 1885 (Greek and German; useful for the list of literature and the introduction); Germ, transl. by E. A. Pullig, Bonn, 1893. Consult Krumbacher, Geschichte, pp. 746-748 (also with lists of literature) .
POESCHL, pfj'shl, THOMAS: Austrian chiliast; b. at Hbritz (20 m. s.w. of Budweis), Bohemia, Mar. 2, 1769; d. at Vienna Nov. 15, 1837 He was educated for the Roman Catholic priesthood at Linz and Vienna, and after ordination became, in 1804, cooperator, catechist, and director of the school at Braunau-on-the-Inn. In 1806 he attended the Protestant Johann Philipp Palm at his execution, and became filled with wild hatred of Napoleon, while his impassioned sermons caused some to regard him as a saint and others as a maniac. At this crisis he came into contact with the mystic and chiliastic Roman Catholic " Brothers and Sisters in Zion," and was accordingly removed to Ampfelwang, whither the " Brothers and Sisters " also transferred their headquarters. The great battle of Leipsic, however, caused his insanity to become unmistakable. Supported by the revelations of a certain Magdalena Sickinger, he now proclaimed himself called to convert the Jews and to found the true Judeo-Catholic Church. In spite of all efforts to suppress him, he continued to promulgate his doctrines at Vocklabruck and Salzburg. Finally, in 1817, he was committed to the hospital for the clergy at Vienna, where he remained until his death.
Under the leadership of a peasant named Johann Haas, the followers of Poschl went on to still wilder vagaries than their leader, though without falling into sensuality or giving a single addition to Protestantism. Even when deserted by Haas and Magdalena Sickinger, they remained true to Poschl, who had adherents a generation later, not only in Bohemia, but also in Baden, Franconia, Hesse, and Frankfort, while in 1831 some fifty emigrated to Louisiana, where they made an unsuccessful attempt at communism. His three great tenets were the indwelling of Christ in the heart through faith, the conversion of the Jews, and the repentance of the Christians; and he likewise advocated the use of the vernacular in the liturgy, the administration of the Eucharist under both kinds, and the rejection of images. (Georg Loeschb.)
Bibliography: L. Wiirth, Die protestantische Pfarrey Voklabruck (1812-1825). Bin Beitrag zur Kenntniss . der Poschlianer, Marktbreit, 1825; M. Hiptmair, Thomas
Poschl im Lichte seiner Selbstbiographie, Vienna, 1893; T. Wiedemann, Die religiose Bewegung in Oberosterreich . . beim Beginne des 19. Jahrhunderts, Innsbruck, 1890; ADB, xxvi. 454-455; KL, x. 118-121.
POETRY, HEBREW. See Hebrew Language and Literature, III.
POHLE, po'le, JOSEPH: German Roman Catholic; b. at Niederspay (7 m. s. of Coblenz) Mar. 19, 1852. He was educated at the Gregorian University, Rome (1871-79; Ph.D., 1874; D.D., 1879), and the University of Wiirzburg (1879-81); was teacher in the intermediate school at Baar, Switzerland (1881-83), professor of dogmatic theology in St. Joseph's College, Leeds, England, (1883-86), professor of philosophy at Fulda, Prussia (1886-89), professor of apologetics at the Catholic University of America (1889-94), and professor of dogmatic theology at the University of Miinster (1894-97). Since 1897 he has been professor of the same subject at the University of Breslau. He has been one of the editors of the Philosophisch.es Jahrbuch der Gorresgesellschaft since its establishment in 1888, and has written P. Angelo Secchi, S. J '., Ein Lebens- und Kulturbild aus dem. neumehnten Jahrhundert (Cologne, 1883) ; Die Stemenwelten und ihre Bewohner, zugleich als erste Einjilhrung in die moderne Astronomie (2 vols., 1883-84); and Lehrbuch der Dogmatik fur akademische Vorlesungen und zum. Selbstunterricht (3 vols., Paderborn, 1902-05, new ed., 1908).