THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
und Max I. von Bayern (Nordlingen, 1868); Das Yerbot der Ehe innerhalb der nahen Verwandtschaft nach der heiligen Schrift und nach den Grundsatzen der christlichen Kirche (1869); Die Genesis (Basel, 1869; Eng. transl., The Book of Genesis, London, 1878); Ueber den christlichen Staat (1875); Christian Heinrich Zeller's Leben (2 vols. Basel, 1876); Die Anfdnge der heiligen Geschichte, nach dem 1. Buche Mosis betrachtet (1S77); Ueber die Gefahren und die Hoffnungen der christlichen Kirche (1877); Blicke in die Lcbensgeschichtc des Prophetcn Daniel (1SS41: Inbegriff der christlichen Lehre (1886; posthumous, contains a manual of Christian doctrine and Christian life which he used in his catechetical instruction). (P. ScHAFFf.) D. S. Schaff.
Bibliography: P. Wiegand, H. W. J. Thiersch's Leben, Basel, 1SSS (partly autobiographical); Hauck-Herzog, RE, xix. 684-692; ADB, xxxviii. 17.
THIETMAR, tit'mor (DITHMAR): Bishop of Merseburg; b. July 25, 975; d. Dec. 1, 1018. He was a Saxon, son of Count Sigefrid of Walbeck, and related to the imperial family. He studied in the abbey of Quedlinburg and in Magdeburg, and became bishop of Merseburg in 1009. Starting with the intention of writing a history of his diocese, he produced a " Chronicle " (ed. J. M. Lappenberg, MGH, Script., iii., 1839, pp. 723-871; re-ed. F Kurze, Script, rer. Germ., 1889) which is in fact a history of the empire with the neighboring Germanic and Slavic states, and forms the most important source for the later Saxon emperors. A manuscript preserved in Dresden [published in facsimile by L. Schmidt, Dresden, 1905] written by Thietmar himself shows how he worked, amending and adding to the original draft with untiring industry. Naturally this method creates the impression that Thietmar did not fully master his subject; his judgment and opinions are narrow, and his style is dry. But he knew and saw much, was a lover of truth, and was devoted to his fatherland. For the manners and customs of his time he has almost the same importance as Gregory of Tours for the Merovingian period. (A. Hauck.)
Bibliography: "W. Maurenbrecher, De histories decimi seculi scriptoribus, Konigsberg, 1870; idem, Forschungen der devlschen Geschichte, xiv. 347 sqq.; Kurze, in NA, xiv. 593 sqq., xvi. 459 sqq.; W. Grundlach, Heldenlieder, i. 114 sqq., Innsbruck, 1894; Hauck, KD, iii. 949-950; ADB, xxxviii. 26.
THILO, ti'lo, JOHANN KARL: Professor in Halle; b. at Langensalza (19 m. n.w. of Erfurt), Thuringia, Nov. 28, 1794; d. in Halle May 17, 1853. He studied at Schulpforte 1809-14, then in Leipsic, and a final semester in Halle. In 1817 he became teacher in the Latin school of the Halle orphan asylum and also in the Royal Pedagogium of Franke's foundations, and filled the position five years. From 1819 he was privat-docent in theology in the university and in 1822 became professor. Tliilo lectured on the history of dogma, church history, symbolics, patristics, and the New Testament, taking up the last-named subject after the death of his father-in-law, G. C. Knapp (q.v.). He early gave attention to the New Testament apocrypha, to elucidate which his studies and knowledge peculiarly fitted him, and planned a
comprehensive edition of the entire series of writings with two volumes of comment; but in spite of much labor he published only the Acts of Thomas (Leipsic, 1823), Peter and Paul (1838), Andrew and Matthew (1846), fragments of the Acts of John by Leucius Charinus (1847), and Codex apocryphus Novi Testamenti, vol. I., containing the gospels (1832). His last great undertaking, a Bibliotheca patrum Grcecorum dogmatica, also remained incomplete, only one volume {Sancti Athanasii opera dogmatica selecta, Leipsic, 1853) having appeared. Certain dissertations (Eusebii Alexandrini oratio, Halle, 1834; De cceloempyreo commentationes iii, 1839-40; Commentationes in Synesii hymnum ii, 1842^13) were the fruit of deep studies of the Neoplatonists. In German Thilo published a Kritisches Sendschreiben an Augusti iiber die Schriften des Eusebins von Alexandrien und des Eusebius von Emisa (1S32) and an introduction to an edition of Knapp 's Vorlesungen (2 vols., 1827). He belonged to none of the theological parties of the first half of the nineteenth century, though he often pronounced Schleiermacher the greatest theologian of the German Church since Luther, and he maintained cordial relations with the two schools into which teachers and scholars in Halle were dividing in his time, desiring most of all to study with mind ever open to receive new truth. (E. HENKEf.)
Bibliography: The funeral oration by H. L. Dryander was published at Halle, 1853. Consult further ADB, xxxviii. 40 sqq.
THIRLWALL, therl'wel, CONNOP: English bishop and historian; b. in London Feb. 11, 1797; d. at Bath July 27, 1875. He displayed such remarkable precocity, that in 1809 he published, under his father's direction, a volume of essays and poems entitled Primitice. He was educated at the Charterhouse and Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A., 1818; fellow, 1818) ; entered Lincoln's Inn, 1820, and was called to the bar 1825; abandoned law and returned to Cambridge, 1827; was ordained deacon, 1827, and priest 1828. He then took a full share of university and college work, and was assistant tutor, 1832-34; was vicar of Over, 1829; rector of Kirby Underdale, Yorkshire, 1835-40, and bishop of St. David's, 1840-74. He was an active member of the Old Testament Revision Company. He translated with J. Hare from Niebuhr vols. i. and ii. of The History of Rome (London, 1828 sqq.) ; and was the author of A History of Greece (8 vols., 1835-47); Our Works (1845; vol. i. of Watson and Crosthwaite's Practical Sermons, 1845^6); The Irish Church. A Speech delivered in the House of Lords (1869); Remains Literary and Theological (3 vols., 1877-78); and Letters Literary and Theological (1881). Bibliography: A Memoir by Rev. Louis Stokes is prefixed
to the Letters, ut sup. Consult further: F. W. Cornish.
The English Church in the 19th Century, passim, London,
1910 (quite full); DNB, lvi. 138-141 (gives references to
scattered allusions).
THIRTLE, JAMES WILLIAM: English Nonconformist; b. at Lowestoft (40 m. n.n.e. of Ipswich), Suffolk, Jan. 23, 1854. He was privately educated and was on the editorial staff of the Staffordshire Sentinel (1875-84) and the Torquay