THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG 232
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WADDING, LUKE: English Franciscan, historian of the Franciscan order; b. at Waterford (63 m. e.n.e. of Cork), Ireland, Oct. 16, 1588; d. at Rome Nov. 18, 1657. He studied theology in Lisbon and Coimbra, Portugal; became a Franciscan 1607; was ordained priest in 1613; went in 1617 to Salamanca, where he became president of the Irish College; went to Rome, 1618, as chaplain to the Spanish ambassador, and remained there the rest of his life. In 1625 he founded there the College of St. Isidore for Irish students of the Franciscan order. From 1630 to 1634 he was procurator of his order at Rome, and from 1645 to 1648 vicecommissary. He was an ardent advocate of the Irish cause in the war of 1641, and sent officers and arms to Ireland. He was one of the councilors in the settlement of the Jansenist controversy, and pronounced an opinion in favor of these doctrines; but, on the appearance of the bull of Innocent X. (Cum occasione, 1653), he retracted. His works include Legatio Philippi IIT. et IV., regum Hispania, ad Paulum V., Gregorium XV., eb Urbanum VIII. pro definienda controversia immaculate conceptionis B. Marie Virginis, Louvain, 1624 (a history of the controversy to decide which the bishop of Cartagena went to Rome as an ambassador, which was consequently the occasion of Wadding’s Roman residence); Apologeticus de pretenso monachatu Augustiniano S. Francisct (Madrid, 1625); especially noteworthy is his work on the Annales ordinis Minorum (8 vols., Lyons and Rome, 1625-54; later ed., 16 vols., vol. xvii., Index, Rome, 1731-386)—this is the great history of the Franciscan order; Wadding brought it down to 1540; it has been continued by De Luca to 1553 (vol. xvii., 1740), by Ancona to 1564 (vol. xix., 1745), by Asculano to 1754 (vol. xx., 1794), by De Cerreto to 1584 (vol. xxi., 1844)— Scriptores ordinis Minorum, 1650, new edition with Sbaraglia’s corrections, 1806 (a bibliography of the order); Immaculate conceptionis Virginis Marie opusculum (1655); Vita Clementis VIII. (later edition, 1723). He also edited the “Sermons ” of Anthony of Padua (1624), the Opuscula of Francis of Assisi (Lyons, 1637), the works of Duns Scotus, with a “ Life’ (12 vols., 1639), and superintended the publication of the posthumous Hebrew Concordance of Marius de Calasio (4 vols., Rome, 1621), to which he contributed an essay upon the Hebrew language.
Brisiiocrapuy: A “ Life’’ was written by his nephew, F. Harold, prefixed to the Annales,i and separately issued at Rome, 1731; and by J. A. O’Shea, Dublin, 1885. Consult further: C. Anderson, Historical Sketches of the Native Trish, London, 1830; C. P. Meehan, Rise and Fall of the Irish Franciscan Monasteries, London, 1877; KL, xii. 1141-44,
WAEIJEN, wé’ai/yen, JOHANNES VAN DER: Dutch Reformed theologian; b. at Amsterdam July 13, 1639; d. at Franeker Noy. 4, 1701. He was educated at the universities of Utrecht and Leyden (1655-59), and took courses at Heidelberg, Geneva, and Basel. In 1662 he became preacher at Spaarndam, whence he was called to Leeuwarden in 1665. In 1672 he served as an army-chaplain, but later in the same year was called as pastor to Middelburg. Hitherto he had been generally regarded as an advocate of Voetius (q.v.), whom he sought to recon-
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cile with Maresius by his E'pistola ad amicum de reconciliatione D. G. V oetii et D. S. Maresii (1669). At the same time he showed himself to be no Cocceian by his polemical treatise against Welzogen, Pro vera et genuina Reformatoyum sententia presertim im negotio de interprete Scriptura (Amsterdam, 1669); and he also opposed the Cartesian philosophy and the Labadists, the latter in his Hrnstige beturginge van J. van der Waeijen‘en H. Wilsius aan de afdwalende kinderen der kerke tegen de gronden van Labadie (1670). In Middelburg, however, his position was radically changed, as was shown by his anonymous Het lijden van Christus in Gethsémané (Middelburg, 1674), and his Over Ps. XVIII. 24 (1675). The latter treatise involved him in a controversy with A. Hulsius, to whom he replied in his Disputatio van Hulsius over Ps. XVIII. beantwoord door J. v.d. Waeijen (1675). His zealous advocacy of Cartesian and Cocceian tenets led to his suspension from office on Dec. 11, 1676, at the instance of the stadholder William III. Wacijen was then settled at Amsterdam, but in 1677 was appointed professor of Hebrew at Franeker, receiving at the same time a professorship in theology, though there was no vacancy in the latter faculty. He entered upon office with an oration De ecclesie ex wtraque Babylone exitu et eorum inter se convenientia (Franeker, 1678), and shortly afterward was appointed aulic councilor. In 1680 he resigned his professorship in Hebrew to devote himself entirely to teaching theology, and in the same year was appointed university preacher.
Regarded as the head of the Frisian Cocceians and exercising a very considerable influence, Waeijen had also to be a prolific writer. Among his dogmatic works were his Swmma theologie Christiane, pars prior (Franeker, 1689); Varia sacra (1693; also containing exegetic studies); and Theologie Christiane enchiridion (1700). Of his exegetic investigations only the Disputatio continens analysin epistole ad Galatas (Franeker, 1681) can be mentioned. Waeijen also served three terms as Rector magnificus of Franeker, and his abilities as an orator may be Judged from his three addresses in this capacity: De incremento cognitionis expectando tempore novissimo (Franeker, 1686); De semthorio silentiit (1688); and De numero septenario (1696). His homiletic capacity is shown by his posthumous Methodus concionandi (Franeker, 1704). In his polemics, however, Waeijen was more caustic and magniloquent than convincing. To this category belong his attacks on F. Spanheim the younger, Hpistola apologetica ad Philalethium Eliezerum (Willem Anslaer) adversus nuperas Frid. Spanhemii litteras (Franeker, 1683); B. Bekker, De betooverde wereeld van Balthazar Bekker onderzogt en weederlegt (1693); on P. van Hattem, Brief ter wederlegginge van sekere brief bij Pontiaan van Hattem met een voorrede, daar in eenige gedachten noopens de so genaamde Hebréen (1696); on J. Clericus, Dissertatio de logo, vocabulo non ex Platone primum repetito et in religionem illato (1698); on P. & Limborch, Limborgiane responsionis discussio (1699); and on J. Spencer, Johannis Spenceri dissertatio de hirco Azazel excussa, principe, de Hebreorum ritibus maximam partem ex Aigypto arces-
sendis, errore, breviter quoque confutato (in his Varia sacra, pp. 265-622). (S. D. van VuEN.)
BistiocRAPHy: The funeral oration by A. Schulting was printed at Franeker, 1702. Consult: E. L. Brimoet, Athenarum Frisicarum libri duo, pp. 557-577, Leeuwarden, 1758; B. Glasius, Godgeleerd Nederland, iii. 570-576, ’s Hertogenbusch, 1856; C. Sepp, Het godgeleerd Onderweis in Nederland gedurende de 16. en 17. Eeuw, Leyden, 1873-74; W. B.S. Boeles, Frieslands Hoogeschool en het Rijks Atheneum e Franeker, ii. 266-274, Leeuwarden, 1889.
WAGENMANN, yau’en-man, JULIUS AUGUST: German Lutheran; b. at Berneck (50 m. n.n.e. of Erlangen) Nov. 23, 1823; d. at Tibingen Aug. 27, 1890. Educated at the seminary of Blaubeuren (1837-41), and at Tiibingen (1841-45), he served as vicar for a short time, then was lecturer at Blaubeuren (1846-49) and Tiibingen (1849-51) on Wiirttemberg church history and other departments of theology. In 1852 he became assistant pastor in Géppingen and first assistant 1857; in 1861 he accepted a professorship of church history at Géttingen. He was, however, too diverse in his interests to concentrate himself on any one field of investigation, nor was he the author of any independent work of magnitude. On the other hand, he was a prolific writer for theological periodicals and encyclopedias. Thus he contributed extensively to the