PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
Gnomon of the New Testament — Volume 3
Bengel, Johann Albrecht, 1687-1752 · 187,890 words · 436 reading sections
Romans Ix. 4.
121 pinnacle of faith (chap, viii.) he now shows the highest degree of love, which was kindled by the Divine love. The thing, which he had wished, could not have been done, but his prayer ■was pious and solid, although under the tacit condition, if it were possible to be done ; comp. Rom. viii. 38, I am persuaded …
452 wordsSECTION 122Romans Ix. 5.
(xlvii. 5) ; but by the force of the correlatives, God is at the same time the Father of Israel, and Israel is the people of God. In like manner this relation is expressed in abbreviated form (the two respective correlatives being left to be supplied. See Append, on locutio concisa) in Rev. xxi. 7 ; comp. Rom. viii…
442 wordsSECTION 123Romans Ix. 5.
123 from the grief of Paul, that there is no doxology in this passage : Part I. cap. 42 ; but at the same time he along with his associates contends, that Paul wrote uv 6 hrl Kavruv, Qebg, x.r.X. So that there may be denoted in the passage this privilege of the Israel- ites, that the Lord is their God ; and he int…
466 wordsSECTION 124Romans Ix. 5.
mentions in the order of time all the privileges of Israel (the fathers being by the way [incidentally] joined with Christ). He therefore mentions Christ, as He was manifested [last in order of time] ; but it was not necessary that that should be in like manner mentioned of God. Moreover, Christ was in singularly …
448 wordsSECTION 125Romans Ix. <5.
125 greatly rejoice, that in this solemn description Christ is so plainly called God. The apostles, who wrote before John, take for granted the deity of Christ, as a thing acknowledged ; whence it is that they do not directly treat of it, but yet when it comes in their way, they mark it in a most glorious manner. …
440 wordsSECTION 126Romans Ix. 7, 8.
through the former chapters in faith and repentance ; for in this the prior regard is had to faith [rather than to repentance]. The sum of this discussion, in the opinion of those who deny universal grace, is as follows. God gives faith to whom He will ; He does not give it , to whom He will not ; according to the …
412 wordsSECTION 127Romans Ix. 9-11.
127 frequently olrog this, ver. 9. The mode of expression in this chapter becomingly assumes the Hebrew idiom, so ver. 28, etc. 9. ’ ErayyzX/ag, of promise) It corresponds to the expression, of the promise , ver. 8. — ovrcg, this) viz., is. — xara rov xaipbv rovrov eXzvffofiai, xa/ ’Ur at rjj 'Sappy viog) A.t this…
459 wordsSECTION 128Romans Ix. 12-14.
called Jacob to be the superior, Esau to be the servant : comp, ver. 25. 12. Auttj, to her) It was often foretold to mothers before con- ception or birth, what would happen to their sons. — on 6 — sXdo- oovi) Gen. xxv. 23, lxx., aa/ 6 — sXd<r<fovi. — 6 /xs'i^wv) the elder, who, it might be reasonably thought, shou…
425 wordsSECTION 129Romans Ix. 15.
129 a debt , nor can he interdict Him in anything [which He pleases to do] or require a reason , why He shows Himself kind also to others [as well as to himself]. Therefore Paul somewhat abruptly checks by a rather severe answer the peevish and spite- ful objectors. Luke xix. 22, 23, is a similar case. For no man …
457 wordsSECTION 130Romans Ix. 15.
130 mercy , ver. 19. The Lord did not disclose even to Moses without some time intervening, to whom He would show grace and mercy, although the question was respecting Moses and the people of Israel alone, not respecting the Gentiles. To this Moses, then, not merely to others by Moses (Mw<r5j, says Paul, as presen…
452 wordsSECTION 131Romans Ix. 16, 17.
131 have mercy, etc.] : although generally in other passages the emphasis is on the verb in the latter clause [ j.e . on its repetition] Gen. xxvii. 33, xliii. 14 ; 2 Kangs vii. 4. That the acknow- ledgment of grace and mercy, on the part of Moses, and the true Israelites, is entwined together, is evident from thi…
464 wordsSECTION 132Romans Ix. 18.
who shows mercy, even God. — tGj <&apuu, to the Pharaoh ) who lived in the time of Moses. — on slg avro rovro s^ysipd as, oarug evbsiB,ojfjjai sv col rrjv bvvaju/v /j,ov x.r.X.) Even for this same purpose have I raised thee up that I might show my power in thee. The LXX, Ex. ix. 16, xa/' zvsxsv rovrov bisrqpi jlhjg…
458 wordsSECTION 133Romans Ix. 19-21.
133 is not unclean , 1 Cor. vii. 14 ; and, you rescued from , [e^u<ra<rde], instead of you did not deliver up. Jos. xxii. 31. 19. VE r/, <25 yg£) even still. This particle well expresses the peevish outcry. To the objection here put, Paul answers in two ways. I. The power of God over men is greater than the power …
474 wordsSECTION 134Romans Ix. 22.
parts now more homogeneous. — tig an^iav, to dishonour) Paul speaks circumspectly, he does not yet say, to wrath : vessel must be construed with these words [To make one, a vessel unto honour, etc.] 22. E / <$s, but if) This particle has this as its apodosis to be supplied at the end of ver. 23 from ver. 20 : God …
802 wordsSECTION 135Romans Ix. 25-27.
24. Oug xai, whom also) xa also , in chap. viii. 30, Cluverus : whom (having been previously prepared for glory) He hath also called. — huXsffev, called) in some respects an antithesis to, He endured , ver. 22. Again, I will call , occurs in the next verse. — ii flag, us) This gnome1 leads Paul to come to the propo…
529 wordsSECTION 136Romans Ix. 28-30.
137 machus and Theodotion have h (xe<su) rdcvig yr\c. The word a pifabs Paul introduced from Hos. ii. 1 [i. 10]. If Israel shall have been [or have been] as numerous as the sand, a remnant [only] shall be saved, namely, from the misery of the Babylonish cap- tivity and from spiritual misery. That a remnant should …
439 wordsSECTION 137Romans Ix. 31-33.
commenced at the middle of ver. 24, and takes in summarily the whole subject, ver. 30-32. There is a mitigation of the severity of the discussion continued from ver. 6 to ver. 23 ; but it will only be comprehended by him, who is acquainted with the way of faith. In short, by this tone of feeling the foregoing rema…
363 wordsSECTION 138Chapter X.
139 1. *Ade \<pol, brethren) Now that he has got over, so to speak, the severity of the preceding discussion, he kindly addresses them as brethren. — /asv, indeed) ds usually follows this particle, but d&, ver. 2, is absorbed in aXXa, but. — sudoxi a, well-wishing , desire) I would most gladly hear of the salvatio…
407 wordsSECTION 139Romans X. 5, 6.
shut within narrower limits than Paul permits in this x. chap., which is more cheerful and more expanded ; and in it the word all occupies a very prominent place, ver, 1 1, etc. 5. Ypucpzi, writes o/), [thus exhibiting the truth that] u the letter killeth ” It is antithetic to ver. 6, 8 : [the righteousness by fai…
485 wordsSECTION 140Romans X. 7.
141 on the contrary [in antithesis to their question as to the abyss] make mention of the resurrection of Christ from the dead. The abyss is a huge cavity in the terraqueous globe, at once under the sea and the land. Compare, as to many things connected with this subject, Job xxviii. 14, 22 ; Phil. ii. 10, note. —…
446 wordsSECTION 141Romans X. 8-10.
unbelief], whilst thou art moving heaven and the deep, and art taking refuge in heaven or the deep, (as we find in Virgil, I will move hell 1 [Acheronta movebo], know that it can neither he thought of by me, nor be found by thee, without [outside of] Christ, ver. 4. The expression is hypothetical. That, which cann…
415 wordsSECTION 142Romans X. 11—15.
143 fore Paul here in this verse begins his sentences, by saying, with the heart , and with the mouth. 11. Aeysi, saith) ix. 33, note.1 12. Ou yap k<sn diatro'kri, for there is no difference) ch. iii. 22. Here the words first to the Jews , are not added, as at the begin- ning, ch. i. 16. — 6 yap aurog, for the sa…
428 wordsSECTION 143Romans X. 16-18.
— upaToi) it is properly said of what is beautiful and pleasant in nature. — o ) nod eg, the feet) at a distance, how much more their countenances [or else mouths , as preachers] close at hand. — r&b evuyysX ify/x'evuv, of them that bring glad tidings) for while they speak, the Lord Himself speaks, Is. lii. 7, with…
430 wordsSECTION 144Romans X. 19-21.
145 19. Mj} ovtc syvco ’i apuv\k ; Did not Israel know ?) The meaning is, that Israel could and should have known the righteousness of God, but did not wish to know it, ver. 3, and that is now shown from Moses and Isaiah. Paul in ch. ix.-xi. frequently calls the people, Israel , not Jews. — ‘xpurog Muvarjg, first …
467 wordsSECTION 145Chaptek Xi.
Comp. Calvin Instit. B. iii. c. 20 and c. 24, sect. 17], is shown to be absurd. — dvreiOouvru, not believing ) with the i heart/ — dmXe- 701/ra, gainsaying ) with the ‘ mouth comp. ver. 8, etc. 1. aKuxfaro) hath He cast away entirely? So Gideon, ex- postulating in faith, says vvv dcrw<raro ^dc, now He has forsaken …
382 wordsSECTION 146Romans Xi. 3-5.
147 3. Kvpie, rods rrpotpijras Gov — rr\ v ^/vyfjv [JjOv) 1 Kings xix. 14, LXX., syTcareXivov rr}V d/aflijzqv Gov oi u/oi Ttfpa^X, ra dvciaGriipia god xoiQziXov, x.ui rods npotpriras aov ansKrsi vav sv po/Mpa/cp, xai vtfoX'sXei/AfAcci ey& f/jovuraros, xa/ fyrovGi rr\ v ^v/fv /aou XafisTv aurqv. The children of Isr…
461 wordsSECTION 147Romans Xi. C— 8.
6. Xu pm, by grace ) The meaning of the dative is one, and that of the particle ix with the genitive is another [is different]. The former rather indicates the vehicle or instrument, as a canal, in the pure and simple sense ; the latter, more properly the mate- rial cause, the principle [first origin], the source. …
466 wordsSECTION 148Romans Xi. 9-11.
149 denotes suffering from frequent pricking, which terminates in stupor. It is taken in a good sense, Acts ii. 37, and very often among ascetic writers. The Latins use similarly com - punctio , compunction. — eag, even unto ) A tacit limitation, 2 Cor. iii. 14. 9. rsvrjOijrw — a uruiv sig Kay/dct xai sig dripccv…
402 wordsSECTION 149Romans Xi. 12-15.
— e/g rb tfapufyXuaai uvrovg, that they might he provoked to jealousy ) That the Israelites might be provoked to believe, ver. 14. [ Reader , see that you also he provoked , hy every means whatever , to jealousy ; you will thus in no ordinary degree he strong in grace. — V. g.] This word occurs elsewhere, ch. x. 19…
429 wordsSECTION 150Romans Xi. 16-20.
151 U Kxpuv, [of the Israelites , in the latter clause] life from the dead , which implies much more [than xaraAXayj?]. — life ) of the world , ver. 12. — ht vsxpuv, life from the dead ) a thing much greater, and more desirable. The meaning is : the life of those who had been dead, Ez. xxxvii. 3, etc., so Jx, from…
423 wordsSECTION 151Romans Xi. 21-23.
for if it were absolutely, there would be room for boasting, which is here shown to be out of place : faith , the gift of God, making men humble [could not be such as to give room to boast- ing~J. — sffrr, xag) thou hast obtained and still boldest this standing , contrasted with the words, them , who fell , ver. 22…
424 wordsSECTION 152Homans Xi. 24, 25.
153 faith, separate [draw aside] the Old Testament revelations from the true Messiah, and snatch them out of the hands of believers ? Paul answers, God has power : comp, the, powerful [able], ch. xiv. 4 : and He will show the glory of this power, against which no one in the Gentile world can strive. There will th…
421 wordsSECTION 153Romans Xi. 26.
forms a great part of that mystery , which is confirmed in Rev. x. 7. Furthermore, since it is a mystery, they ought to be treated with patient forbearance who do not recognise it so quickly, and we should hope for the time, when it will be recognised by all. — l<pp6vifioiy wise ) dreaming , that the church at Rom…
433 wordsSECTION 154Romans Xi. 27, 28.
155 used in respect of those that perished ; but the Remnant itself, numerous in itself, will be wholly converted, Mic. ii. 12. — <subr\<strai) shall he saved: The Latin Yulgate has expressed this by, salvus jieret ; and not inappropriately.1 It contains this sentiment, the fulness of the Gentiles shall he brought…
452 wordsSECTION 155Romans Xi. 29-32.
and unbelief are opposed to each other, ver. 30, etc. — hi Ifia ;, for your sakes , ver. 31, 12, 15. 29. * AjuerufisXrira,) without repentance ) Truly an apostolic axiom. Something absolute is signified ; for God will not give way to the unbelief of His own people [so as to suffer it to continue] for ever. Repenta…
406 wordsSECTION 156Romans Xi. 33, 34.
157 gave over. — eig amiktav, in [ unto ] disbelief) Eph. ii. 2. Those who have experienced the power of disbelief at length betake themselves with the greater sincerity and simplicity to faith. — 'im) that. The thing itself will be accomplished. — rovg rravrag) them all without exception , [less accurately, all, …
422 wordsSECTION 157Romans Xi. 35, 38.
the Spirit, therefore no one apprehends the mind or sense of the Lord. Reference to the Holy Trinity is implied, comp, on the words, eig avrbv, to Him , ver. 36, Isa. xxxiv. 16, at the end of the verse. — av^ovXog Paul says, not only that no one has been cvjufSovXog, but not even now can be so : ffv^(3ov\og is eith…
442 wordsSECTION 158Chapter Xii.
159 1 . UotpaxaXu, I exhort) Moses commands : the apostle exhorts. Paul commonly gives exhortations consonant to the doctrines, which had been previously discussed, Eph. iv. with which comp, ch. iii. So in this passage the general application drawn from the whole discussion is contained in ver. 1, 2, as the allega…
374 wordsSECTION 159Romans Xii. 2.
tioned in cli. i. 17, vi. 4, etc. It is an abomination to offer a dead carcase. — ay/ai/, holy) such as the holy law demands, ch. vii. 12. — suupeffrov , acceptable , well-pleasing) ch. viii. especially ver. 8. — rip 0s <2, to God ) construed with <rapaorS5<ra/, to present . — A oytxriv, reasonable) sincere (1 Pet.…
442 wordsSECTION 160Romans Xii. 3—6.
161 by unworthy means shun this perfect will, who are continually seeking after such things as they are at liberty still to engage in without sin (as they think). The conduct of such men as these resembles that of the traveller , who takes a delight in walking, not in the safe path , but without necessity on the e…
422 wordsSECTION 161Komans Xii. 6.
162 for there is an apodosis at the end of ver. 4 ; but h/uev denotes we are , and at the same time inclines to [borders on] a gentle exhor- tation [ let us be , by implication], as Gal. iv. 28, note. Hence in the several parts of this enumeration, the imperative ought to be understood, comp. ver. 14 ; but it is P…
486 wordsSECTION 162Romans Xii. 6.
163 see Col. ii. 18 ; Rev. i. 2. Paul himself affords an ex- ample of such a proportion [analogy], 1 Cor. vii. 25. Eras- mus says, The phrase , according to the proportion, gives one to understand , that the gifts are the greater [are bestowed in the greater number], in proportion as one's faith shall have [hath] …
435 wordsSECTION 163Romans Xii. 7-9.
164 does not know all with equal certainty ; and yet he holds the things, which he certainly knows, by that very faith, by which the creed is formed ; wherefore both he himself, in prophesying, should determine all things according to the analogy of the faith by which he believes, and others, in hearing [also ough…
422 wordsSECTION 164Romans Xii. 10-13.
] not really love good. From this passage, the discourse moves forward in pairs of sentences. [ There are men 1) who patronise evil and assail good : 2) who love good , hut do not abhor evil with that indignation which it deserves : 3) who disdain evil , but cherish good more coldly than is proper : 4) who so abho…
420 wordsSECTION 165Romans Xii. 14-18.
from the communion of saints, nowhere gives any charge con- cerning the dead. — biunovng, following after ) so that you not only are to receive to your house strangers, but are to seek them out. 14. Aiuxovrag, persecuting) for the sake of Christ. — xd w 7tarupu<ft)e, curse not) not even in thought. 15. Xuipsiv, r…
420 wordsSECTION 166Romans Xii. 19, 20.
167 some time or other in the whole course of our life , we have to transact business with some individual , and according as we behave to him , so he ever after forms his estimate of our character and general conduct. — V. g.] — s/privivovreg, being at peace) xiv. 17, 19. 19. ’Aya^ro/, beloved) By this appellatio…
461 wordsSECTION 167Chapter Xiii.
head], and the Lord will repay thy good deeds. The apostles applied the phrase, it is ivritten more to doctrines, than to morals. — an enemy) This especially holds good of a bitter and violent enemy. — \J,w/.a/£e, feed) with thy hand. So lxx., 2 Sam. xiii. 5. Thus will even thy iron-hearted enemy be softened. — a v…
384 wordsSECTION 168Romans Xiii. 2, 3.
169 that the souls would be ; now he wishes souls to be subject to the magistrate. It is the soul, which does either good or evil, ch. ii. 9, and those in authority are a terror to the evil work, i.e. to the evil doer. — A man’s high rank does not exempt him from obedience. — s^outfcug bnspsyjibtscug) s^ovffja, fr…
429 wordsSECTION 169Romans Xiii. 4, 5.
discussed, Wilt thou — as to good. — xaxwi/, of evil) This is treated of at ver. 4, if [thou do that which is evil] — upon him that doeth [evil]. They especially do evil who are also rebellious. For at the beginning of the verse thus retains its own proper force. — 6'sXetg, wilt thou ) All in some degree will , but…
439 wordsSECTION 170Romans Xiii. 6-9.
171 < ruve/8ri<fiv , for conscience ’ sad#) which expects the praise of a good action from the minister of God, ver. 3. 6. Asirovpyoi, ministers) The ministry and the magistracy are adorned with the same titles. So ver. 4, diaxovo-g, comp. Is. xliv. 28 ; Jer. xxv. 9. — "xpocxaprspouvn c, [attending continually] p…
421 wordsSECTION 171Romans Xiii. 10, 11.
acquainted with the habits of the transcribers, will readily agree with me. Examples will be found in App. crit., p. 383.1 10. K axbv oux, no evil ) Moreover, most duties are of a negative character; or at least, where there is no one injured, positive duties are pleasantly and spontaneously performed. Where there …
438 wordsSECTION 172Romans Xiii. 12, 13.
173 that salvation, as if it were a day, is near to us. He who has begun well ought not to flag, when he is near the goal, hut to make progress [deficere, proficere : not to recede , but proceed ]. — ?! GuTrip'iu) Salvation to be consummated at the coming of Christ, which is the goal of hope, ch. viii. 24, and the…
456 wordsSECTION 173Chapter Xiy.
the archaic sense, = becomingly ; in becoming attire). — xw/xo/s xa/ ffeOcug, not in riotings and drunkenness) as to ourselves, xoj/xog, feasting , a lascivious banquet, with dancing and various dis- orderly acts.^-Wisd. xiv. 23 ; 2 Macc. vi. 4. — xolrcug %-ai a<re\- ysloug, in chamberings and wantonness) accompani…
358 wordsSECTION 174Romans Xiy. 2-6.
175 tain] doubts, biaxp/rtig, so that he cannot in his own feeling on the particular point, be borne along with full satisfaction, nKripo- (popeTffdai [be fully persuaded, ver. 5], the word doiatpopsTv is the antithesis to the word biaxpivuv. He calls them doubts in the thoughts , for those in doubt think more tha…
450 wordsSECTION 175Romans Xiv. 7-9.
gives thanlcs) Thanksgiving sanctifies all actions, however out- wardly different, which do not weaken it, 1 Cor. x. 30 ; Col. ii. 7, iii. 17 ; 1 Tim. iv. 4. The, For , however, has greater force than and , as thanksgiving is more connected with eating, than with abstinence from eating ; and in him, who eats , ther…
439 wordsSECTION 176Romans Xiv. 9.
177 corresponds. I have cleared away the objection from the testi- monies of the fathers, adduced by him, in the Apparatus. The reading % Zp <?ev is well supported; avefytrev rests on much weaker authority.1 — vsxguv, of the dead ) The dying and the dead rejoice in the Lord Jesus, who has died and abolished death …
465 wordsSECTION 177Romans Xiv. 10-15.
178 iv. 6, 8; Tit. ii. 12 ; Heb. iii. 13, vi. 11, ix. 27 ; Rev. ii. 10; Rom. viii. 23, etc. 10. 2i) de , But thou) thou, who art the weaker ; it was with him the apostle has hitherto been dealing : he now addresses the stronger, or [dost] thou also. — xfm/gy judgest) He, who judges, demands, that the knees should…
471 wordsSECTION 178Romans Xi Y. 16-18.
179 the first verse with the preceding chapter, ver. 8, is manifest. — ru) (3f>u>/j,ar/ toil, with thy food \meatf) Do not value thy food more than Christ valued His life. — fxrj anoWvs, do not destroy) 1 Cor. viii. 11. Even the true brother may perish, for whom Christ most lovingly died. 16. Mj$, not) Liberty is…
423 wordsSECTION 179Romans Xiv. 19-22.
proved by, men : he is even approved by those, whom he has no desire to please. 19. 'Eiprivng, oixodo/xrig, of peace, of edification) These two things are very closely connected. Theology is in itself a peace-maker and is designed for edification. Controversy is not so directly useful for edification , although it…
388 wordsSECTION 180Chapter Xv.
181 23. 'O Ss) The reason, why the stronger ought not to induce the weak to eat.— lav <p.ayy, if he eat ) This must be understood both of a single act and much more of frequent eating. — xa ra- xexp/rai, is condemned) Comp. Gal. ii. 11, note.. — lx viffrtug, of faith ) of which ver. 2, 5 at the end, 14 at the begi…
357 wordsSource & rights
Public domain historical edition (1859); scan/OCR from Internet Archive.
Project Gutenberg source record →
Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.