PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
The Pulpit Commentary — Revelation
Alfred Plummer [1841-1926] · 535,750 words · 528 reading sections
The Pulpit Commentary — Revelation — Section 1
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1,145 wordsSECTION 2The Pulpit Commentary — Revelation — Section 2
apend a thousand years in Jerusalem" ('Dial. cum Trypbo,' o. hm. P- ' 308). Irenmus, in the latter half of the second century, knew the book well, quoted it largely, ~nd plainly attributed it to the John who leaned on Jesu' breast (' Adv. Hrer.,' iv. 20. 11, etc.); he also appeals to genuine and ancient oopies, as well…
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him. .Archdeacon Lee, fo-r instance, in the ' Speaker's Commentary,• p. 415, goes so far as to say that " the tyrant " could be no other than Domitia.n.. But when we reflect that Domitian's death did not take place till September, 96, and that it is highly improbable that St. John outlived the first century, we feel t…
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.,{ot written until alter the apostle had left the island. They have supported their view by alleging the improbability of a banished man in St. John's circamsta,neea poaseBBing the time and materials and opportunity for writing; but such an allegation is not, after all, of very mnch weight. .And one passage of the boo…
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Petersburg, and Parham Park ; one each a.t Vienna, Dresden, Frankfort- on-the-Oder, Mayhingen, Leicester, and Cheltenham. It is thus seen that t.h.e bulk of those not yet fully known are situated in Rome (thirty-three) and Paris (twenty). The manuscripts vary in age very widely, the earliest belonging to the fonrth c…
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28 . 34 Bodl. Baroc., 48 XII, xv. . 18u3] 1859 (1888) Codex Augiensil, 29 London B. M. Har- xv., . . etc. . . 31 . leian, 5613 B. M. Har. leian, 5678 1407 xv . . . " . 33 Vienna Lambec., 1 XIIl. Alter 1787 Alter's Gk. T. 38 Rome Vaticanll8, 579 I xru. B. H. Alford 1872 {Alford'a Gk. T. Tregellea' Gk. T. ¼…
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Attempts have been made at various times to classify the manuscripts of the Greek text of the Apocalypse into groups, families, or recensions, according to the character of the text which they exhibit. Thus Bengel believed in an .African recension, represented by snch manuscripts as A and 80; and an Asiatic recension, …
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Gospels and Acts, the codex is marked." Yet the Apocalypse stands between the Gospels and Acts in this manuscript. All the printed editions of the Syriac version of the Book of Revelation have been, up to the present time, based upon very modern manuscripts of the Harklensian type ; and that version was not made nntil…
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Four of them are in Great Britain, four in Rome, and two in Paris. No critical collation of any of them has yet been pu blished,1 and consequently we cannot att.ach much importance to the testimony of this version as hitherto cited in textual criticism. The first use of it is found in Bishop Fell's Greek Testament, 167…
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§ 8. HISTORY 01!' THE PRINTED TEXT. The Greek text of the Book of Revelation was first printed, together with the other books of the New Testament, in the fifth volume of the Com- plutensian Polyglot Bible, at Alcala or Complntum, in Spain, in the year 1514. The promoter of the undertaking was Cardinal Ximenes, Archbi…
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W etatein, in 1752, increased the- number to thirty-one, and among the additions was the Vatican uncial B of the Apocalypse. :Matthmi's edition of the Apocalypse, published at Riga in 1785, was the 6ut that was prepared (since the Complutensian) from Greek manuscripts only, without reference to previous printed editio…
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Ch. vi. 10, J..lyo11ns ••• fvxa, (in fux&s). Ch. xii. 5, lf.pu•P • • • 11Tov. Ch. xiv. 3, oi iryopauµho, ••• x•J..u:lliu (contrast ver. I), Ch. xvii. 3, yl,..ovTa • • • ')""'°''""· 16, oliTo& • • • 1<lpaTa and 6'r,plov. Ch. xix. 14, iv'IJE'IJ11,..lvo1 ••• <TTpaTE61-'t1.Ta. Ch. xxi. 14, tx.,,v ••• TE<xos (comp. oh…
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Perhaps we should group with these the very difficult genitive infinitive in eh. xii. 7, 6 Mixa:q;\ Kal a, rJ.yyiAa, a~Tov Tov W"OAEp,~ua, P,ETa. Tov SpaKovTo~. In conformity with the Hebraizing character of the Greek, we find a somewhat frequent use of pure Hebrew words: J.p,-fp,, eh. i. 6, 7, and often; &.M17Mvia, o…
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is un&uthentic in many details of words and phrases, most (but not all) of whioh are of comparatively little importance; but the authenticity of the book, considered as a whole, is not open to doubt. No one has ever hinted that ou.r 'Revelation of St. John the Divine ' is a totally different work from the original book…
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EXPOSITION. CRAPTER L narratiTea, to correspond with the twen&J· 'Com elders; and eaeh of these into thffll Tm: TrrLL The simplest form of this, as of other books ef the New Testament, ia the ' ' " ~ or chapters, to correspond. with oldest: ' The Revelation• of John' (' A1r0K'• body, soul, and 1pirit, making Bevent…
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tiane, not excl118ively seen lilre St. John. Ver. S.-Who hare recont "To bear wit- "Efleft the things which" (Revised Version) neee" (papTufHw) and "witness." or "testi• makes "things which " in apposition with mony-,. c,.a,,,rupfa), are characteristic of St. "the Revelation," which is probably right. John's writing…
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repentanee. obedfenoe, eteadfaetnesa, and Col088t8, Hierapolia. Tralles, Magneeia. prayer that must be kept by both reader Miletua. The repeated formula, " He that and liearera in order to bring a· ble11Bing. hu.th an ear, let him hear what the Spirit And if the words are to be kept, they can aa.ith to the Ohurohee,…
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tween "washed" (Aorla-a,,.,.,) and "loosed" return to judgment; ver. 8, his perl"ect (.1,.,la-a,,.,.,}, both teadinga being very well Divinity. 11Upported : but we ahould oertainly omit Ver. 7.-B:e eometh. He who loveth u "own" before"blood." The blood of Jesus and cleansed us and made us to be a king- Christ cleansing…
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John teaches that Jesus Christ is "equal plare. He doee not say simply "in Patmos," to the Father e.s touching his Godhead." e.s St. Luke says " to Rhodes" or "to These sublime attributes a.re e.pplice.ble to Cypru-s," but "in the isle that is called ea.eh. Like the doxology (see on ver. 6), Patmos." Now Patmo or Patin…
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1111 epistle to the Bomans. mentions that the k, but to him who utten il The book Church of Corinth is that day keeping the " the Bevelation," not of the secrets of ~•a holy day (Eusebius, 'Hist. Eool.,' IV. histmy, but•• of Jesus Obrist." Seven gold~/ :uiiL 11). Comp. also Clem. Alex.,• Strom.,' e.ncUeaticka, The word…
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Ver. H.-Jria head. From the garments be found in the double oharacl,er. of Ood'a of the great High Priest, St. John passes on Word, which not only smites the wioked, but to himself. Wliat be had seen BB a momen- 11earoh0B the good; which outs sometimes te tary foretaste of glory a.t the Transfiguration, punish, someti…
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Ver. 19.-Write the thfngt. The true sticks are the seven Chmel1es.' This con reading and mO!lt English Versions give, tre.at between the heavenly and the earth!' " write fhere/- the things; " i.e. because fi1'811-the star shining steadily by its owi:.. thou hut aeen me and received thy com- inherent eternal light, and …
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application is never exhausted, but merely receive& additional ill11Stratlons as time rolls on." Hengstenberg's rema.rks are worthy of being remembered: 1 " That the Chrii,tian may remain stea.dfast and fearless where he is, even though it should be in the midst of a falling world, thil! book is fitted to render for su…
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eome to pass." 2. Buel& ,went, a, are mcenanly ifwolved in IM lwinging about of tli, Difline purposea. " Must" (ver. 1). 3. Ewnt. which, in theJ.rophetio forecast, anr near at hand. "Shortly,• i.e. in the reckoning of Heaven ( • 2 Pet. ili. ,8). The next great crisis of the world is the second coming of the Son of G…
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to him, it would be the Holy Ghost that commi~sioned him thus to write; if they were prompted by his own apostolic fervour, it wonld be the Holy Ghost who stirred in him thus to feel; either way, therefore, the outbreathing is the result of a Divine inbreathing. This gr.ieting to believ81'8 resolves itself into two pa…
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i'lte work effected is compleb,. The love wbich resteth on believen abideth evermore. To be perpetually an object of redeeming love may well move the heart to joy, and itme the lips to song I But what will the song be?· Let us notice : 2. The content, of tM Mmg. We see at once that '.it is a song of pr&ise to the Lor…
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suocu1sful temptation of the devil to lure the Church of God away from throwing all her energy to the task of preaching the gospel to every creature. We may not think of the coming of Christ· as if it were to effect the new creation of God's grace, or to build the temple of the Lord. That 18 being done now, Christ will…
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worse, and the good will get better. Both will ripen. Then the end. The angel will thrust in the Bickle becanse the harvest is ripe. · v. Wmnr THB LoBD COMBS, HB WILL APPEAR IN ms GLORY. (Matt. xxv. 31; 1 John ili.1-3; Col. iii. 4, "AB he is;" cf. also Heb. ix. 28, "Without Bin.") Not aa a "weary man &nd full of woe…
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answer to the charge of anthropomorphism in Bible representations of God. But it will not be adequately profitable for us merely t.oadmire the sublimity of the wordt; we must also set forth thelr vastness of meaning. What. then, do they import? The Most High is the A and the n, enclosing alL Then: 1. .!IU apace is encl…
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Stµdying. S-. Ol~eying precept. 4. Trusting promise, finding in the · attribute of a.lmightiness a Divine and infinite pledge that not one thing will fall of all that the Lord bath spoken. With a sense of holy awe, let us now await the visions whioh are to be opened up to us, and hearken to the words which the heave…
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~ouJA notJ.µ,-r1:r;v. u,s. Bu,t that sublime and tra.µscendent greatnees which would ~eh wfil.wi~~ded ~y power alo~e, becomes, in. the sway of his tender love, a refuge .and paviliqn m w.h:1ch we .081?, h1d111 What can we not, entr,ust to such a Redeemer? We can.r.un no,nsk wh~n we are Jn his keeping•. We know whom we …
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1 See, a, gt'l!'t. 881'11100 by John ~owe, '(?n ~ Bed~• !)oiliinion i>~er the Iu:rialfil~ Wot}4; •:nd Bev. ~.St1;1ward1 •lfediatoria.1 SovmeigQ._ty. . ., , .. . ., , : ; n.!.:6 "l!"'v ~~01! by the present writer on ~t. x~l- 18, ~ 'To the Lighi thrpugh tb• \...,wJriruron). ' ' ' ' ,' 1 So the etymology of the word …
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He "hath made us kings." Sorely none·could look·less like' kings than the slrll'~ng crowd of pel'Be9~teifpeople t.o whoni ~t. J?hn'll.ddr~ his book. In what sense,··· the.~, CQuld it liithat Ol1dat had made ·them kings_? Only; for the present, in the lordahip he had given them, over themselves, and over all t.he power …
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~~;~~1;7:~~~!u~~t~ft1!~~~~~~~e!~:s~~a~~~f~~~~~l"tr ·r~:\~:irt1;:~ their own sm has OlLused. (b) Israel. Special ment16n 1s made of U.em·her~~Jf :w :Zech. xii. It was they" who pierced him." But it is told how they sliaIH'iitterly'mourn wh~ ~~ see him, a&· if they ;mourned "for ap. ~11.ly t,on." ,And. it..11~. be .a god…
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· Vera. 9-'.-:20•..:.::.TJie 11'8wn of tke Lord. ·That St. John ilhould hal'e 1ieen tafoured wlth this. dorious vision. is hU:t. in keeping with what was often graoteii t.o the prophets of' the Lp~~ro }w.)ees, at' th.e burning bush;, to 11!8,iali,' in the temple; to Jeremiah,. lit his consec'iiation · to his prdphetfo …
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religious rapture and ecstasy, and then it w1111 that this glorious vi11ion burst upon him. Neither holy days nor holy places will avail us unless our hearts be in harmony with -both d&y and pi.ace, But if they be, then the Lord often "brings all heaven before our eyes." What might not our Sundays be to us if our hear…
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to whom the letter was written. But it was as the invinoible Champion of his Church that Christ came forth, ano. to persuade their fainting hearts of thi• he appeared In this wondrous form. And the vision is for all time, and every anxious heart should -tteadily look upon it, and strive to learn the comforting truths w…
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wrong thought& Now, to bring the Church generally to true knowledge and under- standing on this great matter, not only was the vision vouchsafed which St, John had then before him, but also the trumpet-like voice of the Lord himself was heard declaring who and what he was. And the importance of this declaration is seen…
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days of trial but would find help in this sure truth. And let us remember it likewise. --S. c. Vcl'll.17, 18.-Tlie Living OM: an E<Mtw Sunday ,ermon. "Fear not," etc. t. It is good to say words of good cheer. 'l'he cheerful word, the pleasant smile, the encouraging shake of the ha.nd,-all these e.re good and helpful.…
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Ver. 17.-The "Fear nots" of (Jhrist. "Fe!lr not." Thtq is a characteristic word of the Bible, but especially of the Go8pel, and chief of all, of our blessed Lord. For he not only, as in our text, spoke the word many times, but his whole message and mission to mankind was to banish the bondslave fear which had haunted t…
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OI'TEN PRODUCES. "Fear not," said our Lord to Peter; "from henceforth thou shalt ca.tch men" (Luke v. 10). Peter was overwhelmed at the magnitude of the blessing bestowed on him. "He was astonished at the draught of fishes which they had taken.P Had the number been but small, he would not have been astonished, but bein…
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of heart about him. She never ceased to pmy, and yet she never saw any result. She went to the meeting-house quite alone, with this exceµtion, that a dog always went with her, and tlii11 fa.ithfnl animal would curl himself up under the seat, and lie quiet during the service. When she was dead, her husband was still uns…
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Ver. 20.-71le seven Churches: their common characteristica. Seven times ie heard the solemn charge, given at the close of each of the letter:; :i.ddressed to these Churches, "He that hath an ear," etc. And we would obey this word so far as we may, and, ere considering these letters one by oue, would glance at their …
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sparkling with waves. So if to Thyatira and such places the gospel had spread, much more might we be assured that in more populous places it would also be found. 2. Their .fundamental principle. That the Church should consist of true believers in Christ, whose faith worked by love and produced holiness of life. For w…
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here. But what a view of the pastoral office and its solemn responsibility we get when we thus understand this word! They are addressed as representing and responsible for the Churches over whom they preside. Well might St. Paul cry-and well may we- "Brethren, pray for us." (2) And there seems to have .been ,.a modifie…
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Vera. 1-3.-The f'evelation. The interpretation of the Book of Revelation·con- fessedly difficult, some portions in particular; hence many differing views. But the book designed for practical purposes; throughout it a. rich vein of practical instruction. The homily seizes upon the practical truth-th~t truth which can be…
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I. As A 'BEVELATto:N. "The Revelation of Jesu11 Christ" (ver., 1). 'A,rorcllAv,f,u 'l.,,croG Xp1ffllv- To "reveal" means to uncover, to disclose. A revelation is an unveiling of the bidden. What.ever has not appeared, whether things or persons, is hidden or coneealed from view. There are universes hidden from us as …
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IIL .As A STUDY. The "revelation" is given, the" record" is l!lllde, and now comes study. "Blessed is he that readeth, and they that hear the words of this prophecy; and keep those things which are written therein" (ver. 3). Observe: 1. That historic event. an, of moral signijicanre. There is a Divine meaning in everyt…
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Il, MAN IS DIVINELY DIGNIFIED AS A BEPRj!:SENTATIVE OF THE Tuvrim TO MAN, "John to the seven Churches which a.re in Asia" (ver. 4). rrThe enumeration which presently follows," says Dr. Vaughan, "of the Churches designed, shows that Asia is here used in its narrowest sense : not of the quarter of the globe so denominate…
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tude. Anything strange on the face of those heavens has always a power to strike terror on human souls. Christ is represented as coming on the clouds. Daniel, in a vision, beheld him thus (Dan. vii. 13). Christ himself declared that thus he would come (Mark xxiv. 30; xxvi. 64). Angels have declared the S!tme (Acts i…
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Vera. 8, 9.-A tramundent Being, and <HerruJrkable chtJracw. HI am Alpha and Omega, the Beginning and the Ending," etc. Here we have two objects arresting our att.ention and demanding thought. I. A BEING WHOSE EXISTENCE IS TRANSCENDENT. "I am Alpha and Omega, the Beginning and the Ending, sa.ith the Lord, which is, …
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tbr llb'erty. Ort t~ig deso}il,te 18l~nd, am1ds_t th;~ gr_eat_est_ v1llams of the age, this great character was banished; Strange tha.t the prondence· of·Heaven should have·allowed on.~. of ~i\e, DJ,~~t CJ)ristly f!len on .the earth at, t.ba~ ~ime ~ ljve fo~ an hqur in S!lch a scepe. ~t J:a~ryl?;~ :to, jTohn :~~d. Pat~…
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~moor and the din of a thousand armies on the shore are lost all)idst the roar of the lnooming waves. Such was the voice that came to John from eternity, and such a voice comea to.all men in every oondition and in every age, clear and full, bearing messages t;o ~ soulfrpm the great Father of spirits. 'l'rue, clear, ful…
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He conquers mind ; he slays not existence, but its curses and its, wrongs. . "Out ,of bis Dlouth. w,ent a_ sh&rp t.wo-ajged sword." (7) BrightMSll. No dark thougpts, clouding bis brow, 1ndicatiag anger or sa.dneSB, but bright looks withal. "His counte~nee was • the sliri shineth in his strength.'' ·. This Man was th…
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Vers. 17, 18.-0hrist's ministry on -,h, and his existence in. 'heaven. "And he laid his right hand upon'.me, saying unto me, Feat not; 1 am the First and the Last: I · am he that. livetb, and was dead; and, behold, I arfi alive for 'evermore, Amen; and · have the keys of hell and of death." These y'eril'.es lead us t:…
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the. l'lrver~e. (4) We may anticJpate the da:r when death shall. be ~o,we4, up_AAJ victory.~D. _T. Vers.19, 20.-(J!irist tmfoining thifretard oJ hiil~lii&n'to man anit ¥tnu, its m~niTJg'. ." Write the thi~gs w1iich thou h~t seeu, and th1ft~Jigs wlrfcli ~'at,.~ the :thmgs which. shall b,e hetea.ftei:1" etc. _These word…
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·EXPOSITION. CHAPTER II. elements B:n! ~ en Chruf, command to the , Ver. 1-cb; iii 22..:.:..ne epistles to tM seer to write: -(2) hi, titk, which in D208t - <JhurcMI. Once more we have to cases is taken from the descriptions in oh. i.; consider rival interpretations., _Of theae we (3) the praise, or blame, or_ both, …
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ifa favourable situation, the city is in all ~nd ~pooolypse, is used in a. ~ - ~ other respects increasing daily, for it is the 'lncludiJlg the whole of «induct (ooinp. ·Job.n 'greatest place of trade of all the oities of iii. 19, 20: v:·s6'; vii. s; 7; mi. at&, u; etc:: Asia west_ of tlie Taurus." Patmos was only 1 Jo…
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~ . ~use "bear~ ~dC.-w) is used in t1N)'. dlifment ~ W :Yel'- .2 and Vlll', S: "Cljl,P11fnot ~e,.U mm.," and "didst en- d.,-a ii~-- ·. ,,_,(co_·1PR.r_J_.,oonh~~ ~vi. 12). •~$1, ill ~~ aet over the t.11.inga 9£ God that one ~ ,~~,: po prece_p~ !ulfil !l.o work well- Jl.l!!ll&wg to the Lord; .if eatranged from. it. The:g…
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.Jiearaed and &cted at Bmyrn- fact which And the blasphemy -~- them ,rhioh ■&J" ·_gives special -po~t to llie ~ting·in this the, are Jewa, and tliey are not., We ha.Te •epi.,stle-" From him who became dead, and here strorig evi®nce iitthe ~ly-da.te of the lived.;' The ptjests who · preii.ded at this Apocalypse. Throng…
1,040 wordsSource & rights
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Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.