'When Wellhausen on 5*'^ says " ' EiztffTdra (and xopte) is used in Luke by the disciples; diddaxaXe by others," he is thus substan- tially right. Cf. Plummer on 5^, where the meaning of the word is discussed.
The Designations in Luke loi
(ocxodeaTtoTi^i;) ^ although the term occurs In parables with reference to Him (13"^ I4"^)-
The prevailing form of address to Jesus in Luke is, however, the ordinary Greek honorific ' Lord ' ( xupis ) , , used, however, obviously as an honor-
Address '^^^ °^ especially high connotation. It is put upon the lips, indeed, of out- siders, suitors for mercy (5^^ 7® 18" 19^) and possibly others (9^'''^* 13^'^) ; ^nd our Lord's own remark to the effect that some called Him ' Lord, Lord,' who did not do the things He said (6^^) shows that it might be insincerely used of Him. But this very passage also indicates that to address Him as ' Lord ' was to acknowledge His authority and involved sub- jection to His commandments, and accordingly the term Is represented as employed chiefly by His pro- fessed followers (5^ lo^^'^^ ii^ I2« if 22^''''^^^). Something of Its high Implication, when so used, may be caught from 5^ in comparison with 5^ When our Lord, having used Simon's boat for a pulpit, com- manded him to let down his nets for a draught, Simon responded with the respectful address which Implied that he recognized Jesus as his ' Superior Officer ' (J-r<Trar;yc), "Master, we toiled all night, and took nothing: but at Thy word I will let down the nets." But when he saw the resultant miraculous draught, he fell at Jesus' knees and said: " Depart from me; for I am a sinful man, O Lord " — using now the higher honorific, ' Lord ' ( xupte ) .^ Obviously the address
8 Streatfeild, Self-Interpretation of Jesus Christ, p. 99 note, is clearly in the wrong in supposing that the change from kTziardra of v. 5 to xbpts of V. 8 has no significance; and the occasional interchange of the terms, noted by Dalman as appealed to by Streatfeild, does not
102 The Designations of Our Lord
* Lord ' on the lips of Jesus' followers was charged
with very high significance, and this is borne out in
its entire use.
Such a constant mode of address as * Lord ' by His
followers, naturally would beget the habit of speaking
, , , , of Jesus among themselves as ' the
Lord as an T 1 5 i r ^
Appellative Lord ; and we can reel no surprise
therefore that Jesus, in giving them instructions how to reply to possible objections to their taking the ass He sent them for as He was about to enter Jerusalem, placed this designation on their lips. " Say," He said, " the Lord hath need of him " (19^^) ; and accordingly they said (v. 34), "The Lord hath need of him" (cf. 1 2^*^''*-'^^ '^<»- ) . This instruction is recorded by all the Synoptists, and the usage which it involves of the term ' Lord ' of Jesus as an appella- tive designation might very well, therefore, have been illustrated in the narratives of them all. The copious designatory employment of the title ' Lord ' of Christ, however, is characteristic of Luke.^ It is placed on the
interpose an obstacle. Cf. Godet on verse 8 : " Peter here employs the more religious expression, Lord, which answers to his actual feelings " ; and Plummer, verse 8: "The change from iriirrdra (see on verse 5) is remarkable and quite in harmony with the change of circumstances. It is the ' Master ' whose orders must be obeyed, the ' Lord ' whose holiness causes moral agony to the sinner (Dan 10^^)."
^ Cf. Sven Herner, Die Anivetidung des IFortes xupio^ im N. T., pp. 12, 13: "In contrast with Matthew and Mark, Luke speaks of Jesus by the designation xupcog comparatively often. Even if ji^-si 10*1 22^^ 24^ be neglected as more or less uncertain in the reading, and 19^^ as a parallel to Mt 21^, Mk ii^, there remain nevertheless fourteen passages peculiar to Luke (7^^ lo^-*'' ii^^ 12-'- 13^^ 17S.6 jgs 198.34 2261,61 24^*) which speak of Jesus by the designation of 'Lord': and to these may be added the expressions 'the mother of my Lord' (i*^) and 'the Lord Christ' (si^)." "It may be further remarked that although one of the uncertain passages enumerated (24^) belongs to
^The Desig7iatwns in Luke 10^