An excellent e<lition of the MS, incln<ling a com- plete traiisiriiitiun of the text and a full introduc- tion, was pulilished by Scrivener in 1S64, and this year (1897) the University of Cambridge has undertaken to bring out an edition in photographic facsimile.
Dj.— In the Epistles of St. Panl the same symbol — written more properly Dj to avoid confusion — is used to denote the readings of the MS in the National Library at Paris, the Codex Claro- montanus. This is also a Graeco-Latin MS of the 6th cent, written stichometrically. It seems clear that it was the work of a Greek scribe, and that it remained for some time in scholarly Greek hands ; but there seems no decisive evidence to fix either the place where it was written or its hist home. The remarkable list of the canonical Imoks of Ol and NT inserted between Philemon and Hebrews — known as the Claromontane sticliomutry — points on the whole to a Western origin, — Carthage, Rome, or Gaul. The Latin version is of great importance throughout. In Hebrews it is the main representative of the old Latin version of the epistle.
It contains all the Pauline epistles virtually com- plete— including Hebrews. It has been most care- fully collated both by Tischendorf and Tregelles, and sumptuously edited by Tischendorf, 1852.
J. O. P. Murray.
D. — The symbol ordinarily used in criticism of Hex. to signify the work of the Deuteronomist ; often so as to include also his school, although this creates confusion, which may be avoided by usin" for this sense tfi, D', and similar symbols. See Uexateucu. P. H. Woods.
DABBESHETH (n^-jn), Jos 19".— A place on the borders of Zcbulun. The line is difficult to follow, but the extreme limits on N. and S. seem to he defined by the names Dabbesheth and Jokneam. In this case the ruin Dabs)ieh, on the hills E. of Acco, may be intended, the only place where this name (meaning ' hump,' cf. Is 30") occurs. See SiVP, vol. i. sheet iiL C. R. CONDER.
DABERATH (n-jD^n), Jos 19" 21f, 1 Ch 6".— A city of Zebulun given to the LeWtes, noticed as the extreme point on the S. E. border; now the village Dihiirieh at the foot of Tabor on the W. In the record of the connuests of Ramses II. (Brugsch, Hist. ii. p. 64) we learn that, about 1325 B.C., he attacked places in the Amorite country, named Dapur, Slialama(Shunein),Maroma(Meirfln), Ain Anamim, Kalopu (jpcrhaps Slialahftn), and Beitha Antha (Beth Anath) ; and of these places Shunem was in Lower Galilee, and Beth Anath and Meirfln in Upper Galilee. Dapur is thought to be Tabor or Dauerath, and is represented aa a walled town. But in Egyjitian the letters Land R are not distinguished, and the name may have been Dapul. In the latter ca.se Dihl in Upi>er Galilee would be the site. See Diblaii. The site of Daheiath on Tabor was known in the 4tli cent. A.D. (Unumn.it icon, s.v. Dabiia), but wrongly identified with Debir. See S]VP vol. i. sheet vi.
C. R. CONDKR.
DABRIA. — One of the five scribes who wrote to the dictation of Ezra (2 Es 14«).
DACUBKA Aa«oi';3/,Bom.,AVDacobI) = AKKUB,
Ezr 2*^ Neh 7«.
DAGGER (Jg 3" AV, 'sword' RV, Heb. a^n hcrebh). — The Heb. word means in most cases a short wcajion used for stabbing (cf. 2 S 20'- '"). The Arab ' khinjar,' still in use E. of Jordan, has a curved blade, and inllicts by a downward stab
544
DAGON
DALMATIA
jnst rach a horrible wound aa la described in 2 8 20'". See SwoRD. W. E. Babnks.
DAGON (I'ln, Aayiir). — The principal deity of the Philistines, whose worship, however, seems to have extended beyond the Pliil. country, as is proved by the geographical name Beth-dagon (which see), and perhaps by the later name Dagon (Jos. Ant. XIII. viii. 1 ; Wart, I. ii. 3).
It has commonly been held by scholars that the name is a diminntive, and so a term of endearment, from daff, which signifies fish, and hence that D. was worshipped tmder the form of a fish. He has been generally identified with a Bab. god who is represented on seals and elsewhere as having in part that form. And though there is nothing in the biblical account to confirm this view, there is also nothing to contradict it. D. had face and hands, and, according to the Sept., feet also (1 S 5*) ; but this is not inconsistent with his having in part the shape of a fish. The pictures of the Bab. fish-god show face and hands, and in some instances feet. Indeed, one is strongly tempted to find in the phrase ' only D. remained,' the meaning ' only little fish remained,' the point being that, after the head and hands of D. were cut off, nothing was left of him save the fish-shaped part. Nevertheless, Sayce and others now insist that D. was not a fish- god, and that the resemblance of name is a mere coincidence. The Bab. fish-god was Ea, the patron god of the city of Eridu, the god of the ocean, of water, of -nTsdom. In some sense Ea was god of the sea, Anu of the sky, and Bel (Baal) of the earth and the under- world. Bel is closely associated with Anu, but not with Ea. And D. appears in the inscriptions as one of the names or one of the forms of Bel.