'The most Just gods For every graff would send a caterpillar.'
But as vb. he has both ' grail"' (with past ptt'p 'graft') and 'graft' (with past ptcp. 'grafted ). Thus II Ilcnri/ If. v. iii. 3, 'Nay you ^hall see mine orchard, where, in an arbour, we will cat a last years pippin of my own gralling' ; liich. II. III. iv. 101—
' Pniy God the plants thou graft'st may never grow.'
In the Pr. Bk. of 1.540 (Collect for 7th Sun. after Trinity, Keillng. p. r2'.l) is the jirayer 'Grail' in our hearts the loveol thy name' : this runs through the edU. of 1S5'2 and 1560, but in ed. 1604 is chaniied
258
GRANARY
GRATE, GRATING
into 'graft.' Again in the Com. Service (Keilin^, p. 2-28), ' Grant . . . that the words which we have hearj this daj- with our outward ears, niaj' througli thy grace be so gratl'ed inwardly in our heart.'*,' continues through all the edd. till that of 1602, when it becomes ' grafted.' The word is rare in the Eng. versions. It occurs as a var. reading in Wy- clifs NT of 1380 at 1 Ti G'». Then in Ko 11" Wye. (13SS) has ' art gratlid among them ' as tr" of {vtKev- Tpicdrjs iv airroii (or rather of the Vulg. ' insertus es in illis'). and at v.'" 'the braunchis ben brokun, that y be gratlid in.' Tindale, however, tr'' ivKcv- Toffu by 'grail" in all its occurrences (Ro lli''"- sSftio. «',....)_. and he was fallowed by all the ver- sions except Coverdale. Timl. u-sed ' graf te ' and ' grafl'cd ' as the pa-st tense or past ptcj)., and in this also he was strictlj' followed, except tliat Rhem. (which tr'' independently from the Vul";. ) used ' graflod ' always, and was followed by A v. Cov. has 'grafte' in v.", which must be the ptcp. of 'gratr,' but in all the remaining occurrences lie uses the form 'graft' for the pres. tense and ' grafted ' for the past. RV uses ' graft ' and ' grafted ' througliout.
Tlie subj-'jt of grading will be spoken of under Olive. We may illiistraie it and the word here by quoting Gosson, Schoote of Almsf i\Yber'» G^. p. (i;!). 'Thongh'the Manner have skill to governe his vessel, it lieth not in bis cunning to calme the seaa : thougli the countrinian know how to graffe an yrape [lf*^t/To;, shoot, scion], his toile will not alter the taste of the Crab.' Holland, Plinie, xvii. 14, 'The first is to set the graffe or sion betweene the barke and the wood : for in old time tnily, men ' were afraid at first to cleave the stocke, but soon after they ventured to bore a hole into the very heart of the wood : and then they set fast into the pith just ij the mids thereof, but ■ 'ne sion or graffe, for by this kind of gratfing, impossible it was that the said pith should receive or bear any more.' Evelyn, Pomona^ iii. — ■ Make choice of your graffs from a constant ana well-bearing branch. As to the success of graffing, the main skill is, to jojm the inward part of the cion to the sappy part of the stock, closely, but not too forceably ; that being the best and most infallible way, by which most of the quick and juicy parts are mutually united, especially toward the bottom.' Bp. Hall (Works, ii. 1) uses the form ■ g'rifTe ' : ' Elizabeth was Just, as well as Zachary, that the fore-runner of a Saviour might be holy on both sides : if the stock and the griffe be not both good, there is much danger of the fruit.' J. HASTINGS.
GRANARY.— See Garner.
GRAPES. — See Vine. Cockle.
Wild GrapM. — See
GRASS.— Four words are tr'' grass in OT : — 1. pn; yerck, x^wpo!. This word signifies (7rcc« or green- ness. Once it is tr'' ' grass ' (Nu 2'2^j ; twice ' green thing' (Ex 10", Is 15"); thrice it is followed by other words, Nsh (Ps 37^ Is 37") and Di'y (Gn l**), and in these cases it is used as an adj. signifying ' green. '
2. Tsij hdztr. — This word is from a root (unused in Heb.) signifying to be green (Arab, khidim), from which is derived the noun khaclrah, signify- ing primarily greenness, secondarily piirshiin, cucumbers, melons, and the like. It is now used for vegetables or herbage in general. In OT jMzir is used once for leeks, LXX irpdo-a (Nu 11°). Twice it is tr'' 'hay' (Pr 27-' RVm 'grass,' LXX x^wpos ; Is 15" RV ' grass,' LXX xiproi). In all the remain- ing passages in which it is used in both AV and RV it is tr'' 'grass.' LXX, however, renders it once (Is 35') by iwavXeii, AV and RVm 'a court' ; twice (2 K 19^, Ps 90') by x^'^') ; twice (1 K 18», Job 8'^) by poraD-q ; once (Is 37") by x^P'^"^ ivpii^ ; and in the ten other places where it occurs (Job 40", Ps 37' 103" 104''' 129" 147*, Is 40"- ' 44* 51'=) by
XOpTOS.
3. nai deshe' (root uncertain ; the vb. Nn, Jl 2--, Gn 1", is probably a (Icnijiuinative. hike kiizir, it is variously rendered in both EV and LXX. It is tr''