IIEZION
HIERAPOLIS
379
bears the olamp of historical reality, as docs also tae letter which H. is said to have afterwards re- ceived from liim. In the proplietic words whicli are embodied in the narrative we have for tlie most part the genuine utterances of Isaiah, liar- moniziiig with that ' most beautiful of all his discourses' (ch. 33) which marks tlie peaceful and triumphant close of his ministry, and which finds an echo in the 46th, perhaps also in the 4Sth, 75th, and 70th Psalms.
The event which was tlius commemorated was one of the most impressive and glorious in Heb. history, and has taken rank in the estimation of the Jews with the h^xodus from Egypt and the Return from Babylon. It was a most fateful moment, not only for Israel but for its religion ; and while the victory of faith was mainly due to the influence of the one inspired man wlio lield fast the conviction that in the Lord J" was everlasting stren^h, and that amid all ^^Teck and ruin He would preserve Mt. Zion inviolate as His holy habitation, the gloiy of the time falls also on the sovereign who shared his lofty spirit and fulfilled in some degree his Messianic hopes, when he made such a heroic stand arainst the dreaded invader before whom all the other kings of Palestine and Philistia had succumbed. Not unfitly, therefore, it stands written that 'after him was none like him among all the kings of Judab, nor any that were before him ' (2 K 18").
LiTERATVRR. — Driver, Isaiah 3 (' Men of the Bible ' series), LOT', esp. 220 f.; Cheyne, Bonk of Imiah, 1870, Prophedea of Jmiah, 1880, 1S84, Jntrod. to Ilk. of Imiah, 1895, Haupt's PB ; O. A. Smith, Isaiah, vol. i. (' I-lxpositor's Hiblo ') ; Skinner, Isaiah (Oanib. Bible) ; Delitzsch, Oillmann-Kittel, Duhm, Orelli, in their Comm. on Isaiah ; Stade, GVI i.; Ivittel, Ilist. of Heb. (Index); W. R. Smith, Prophets o/ Isroft (Index) ; Schroder, COT': McCurdy. HPil; Tielo, Auyr.-Bab. Uejclt. ; Savce, ECU (Index) ; Wclihausen, Jahrb. f. deutsche Theot. 1876, p. 007 fit. ; Kamptiausen, IHe Chronol. d. Beb. KOnige, 1SS3.
J. A. M'Clymont. HEZION (I'l-in ' -n^ion ' ; 'Afelx B, 'AfaTJX A, Luc.). — Father of Tabrimmon and grandfather of Ben- hadad, the Sjiian kin" whose alliance was sought by Asa, king of JndiUi, against Baasha, king of Israel (1 K 15"). It has been plausibly sugjjested (Ewald, Thenius, Klostermann, etc.) that Uezion is identical with Rezon of 1 K 11^, tlie founder of the kingdom of Damascus, and an adversary to Solomon. The three generations of Syrian kings may very well correspond with the four genera- tions of the kings of Judah, since Abijam, Asa's predecessor, reigned for three years only. In place of Kezon in 1 K U''' [lieb.^] B reads 'kffpu/i, Luc.
Sirptii', Pesh. ^pJJTl ; and Klostennann regards ['ni." Hezron as the original form of the name in both passages 11^ 15'". C. F. BORNEY.
HEZIR (Tin, either for Tiq 'boar,' or of. New Heb. -nfn 'apple'). — 1. The 17th of the priestly coarses (1 Ch24"). 2. A lay family, which signed the covenant (Noh 10" [Heb. '■"]). For the name cf. the inscription on the grave of the ' -sons of Hezir,' dating from the Ist cent. li.C. (see Driver, Text of Sam. p. xxiii). See Genealoqy, III. 15.
H. A. WiiiTK.
HEZ^O,HEZRkHKethibh'iyfn,^erSr^n;'AaafxLt). —One of David's thirty heroes (2 S 23"). He was a Carmelite, i.e. a native of Carmcl, the modern Kurinul, in the hill-couutrj' of Judah (see CaI!MI:l- ITE). In the parallel list (1 Ch 11") the reading of the Kethitih (Hezro) is retained, but the LXX supports the form Hezrai (M'liatpi ; (( 'U<r(pal ; A 'Affo^i). J. F. Stennino.
HEZRON (I'lyn and |'n>n).— 1, A son of Bculn'n, i.e. the eponymous head of a Keuhenite faiiiilv, Gn 46», Ex 0'* Nu '^1."= 1 Ch 5'. 2. A son of IViLz and grandson of Judah, i.e. the eponymous bead of
a Judahite family, Gn 46'-, Nu 26=1 = Ru 4="- ", 1 Ch on. «. 18. 21. ». a 41 j,,J3 u„2ron appears al.-' in th« NT in the genealogy of our Lord, Mt 1', Lk 3" (in both of which passages AV following TK 'Enpun has Esrom. \VH liiis in Mt'lio-pu^, in Lk 'Ecrpui'). The gentilic name Hczronites ('jiif-n) occurs in Nu 20' referring to the descendants of No. 1 above, and in V.-' referring to those of No. 2.
J. A. Selbie. HEZRON (psn).— 1. A town in the south of Judah (Jos 15') = Hazar-addar of Nu 'ii*. It ap- pears to be diflerent from 2. Kerioth-hezron (m-Tp psn), Jos 15'^, which is prob. identical with Hazor, No. 4. The name Hezron probably survives at Jehel Hadklreh, a mountain in the Till desert N.W. of Petra. C. R. Conder.
HIDDAI C^ri; B "ASao/ and 'ASpot;* A 'kedal).— One of David's thirty heroes (2 S 23™). He is described as ' of the brooks [a-'yrij, ' torrent-valleys '] of Gaash.'and probably lived in the neighbourhood of Mt. Gaash (cf. Jos 19" 24*', Jg 2») in the hill- country of Ephraim. Thenius and Wellh. prefer the alternative form Hurai ('iin ; B Obpd ; A OupO. which is given in the parallel list 1 Ch 11'^.
J. F. Stennino.
HIDDEKEL (S^in).— The name given to the Tigris in Gn 2", Dn 10^ In the Sumenan or pre-Scmitic language of Babylonia, the river was called Idik'a and Idikna, which the Semitic Babylonians modi- fied into Diklat by dropping the initial vowel and affixing the Semitic feminine suffix. Diklat is the Diglit of Pliny {UN vi. 27) and the Dijlah of to-day. The Persians assimilated the name to their own word ti(jra ' an arrow ' (see Strabo, xi p. 529 ; Q. Curt. iv. 9. 16 ; Bust, ad Diomjs. Perietf. V. 984), from which was derived the Gr. Tit/ns. It is possible that in the first syllable of Idikla we have the Sumerian id, 'river. See further Del., Paradics, not., 110 S. A. H. Sayce.