' Too low a mistress for bo high a servant.'
In this way ' higli ' takes on an offensive mean- ing, li'tiiqhtij, as Ps 101' ' Him that hath an high look ai\d a proud heart will not I suller' ; Pr 21' 'An high look, and a proud heart, and the plowing of the wicked is sin ' (cvy a-,, lit. as AVm, ' haughti- ness of eyes') : which can also be illustrated from Shaks., as I Htnry VI. IV. vii. 3'J—
•Once I encountered him, and tluis I said : "Tiiou m:tiden youth, be vanquished by a maid" ; But with a i>roud rnajesticiil liij^h scorn, He answered thus : " Vounf; Tiilliot was not bom To be the pillage of a giglot wench.' "
Notice in this connexion the phrase ' high call- ing,' Ph 3", lit. 'calling upward' (dnj kXijju) as RV, which is better than tlie 'heavenly calling' of Lightfoot and others, though that is the ulti- mate destination.
In the phrase ' high day ' we find two difterent meanings — (I) 'great,' practicallv equivalent to •holy' in Ad. Est 16-", Sir 33», Jn 19"; and (2) the same as modern ' broad,' referring to the full light of day, in Gn 29'.
For Most High see Gon ; for High Place see the following art.; for High Priest see Priests and LevitkS; and for Highest Room (Lk 14' jrpuro- KKiala) see Ho.«piTAUTv, Hou.'^K, Room.
In Ro 11* [WH aH) yiZ-vXi •ppovtiv\ and in 1 Ti 6" the verb v\pTi\o(f>pofeiv is tr'' ' to be highmindcd ' ; and in 2 Ti 3* the ptcp. rerviputiivo^ is ti-*' ' high- minded ' (RV ' i)ultVil up'). "Thus in all its occur- rences in AV highminded has the bad sense of ' hauijhty,' 'overweening,' its almost invariable meaning at the time. As Davies points out (Bible EnglUli, p. 207), Andrewes uses the word in a good (though not in tlie modem) sense when he says (Sermons, v. 50), ' O that you would mind once these high things, that you would be in this sense high-minded,' but it is plain tliat he is aecom- moilaiing the word to his purpo.se ; elsewhere he uses it in the same sense as AV . Cf. Babees BnnJ: (R.K.T.S.), p. 93, 'A hye mynded man thinketh no wight worthy to match with him.'
Highness, which, except in reference to persons of rank, is now displaced by ' height,' is found twice in AV, Job 31^ ' For "destruction from God was a terror to me, and bv rea.son of his highness I could not endure ' (nsy ; l"! V ' excellency ' : .\mer. RV ' majesty,' which is Oavid.son's word) ; and Is 13' ' 1 have commanded my sanctified ones, I have also called my mighty ones for mine anger, even them that rfjuicr in my highness' (•"•(<; •r''y: RV ' my proudly exulting ones,' RVm ' thciii tliat exult in my majesty'). Cf. 2 Co 10» Wye. (1388)
' And we distrien counsels, and alle highness* that higheth it silf aghens the science of God. Fisher (on Ps 143) shows the word passing to its mod. sense : ' Blessed Lorde vouchsale give us leve to speake unto thy hyghnes in this matter.' Highway.— See Way. J. Hastings.
HIGH PLACE, n=5 pi. ntoj. LXX « iW^x», about B6 U;
i^nui, U^^m^ua (iiaia B, i,3.-«,a A), Ezk 20^ ; ri i.-/t»^. Is 5814 ;
iXa-sf, Jer 2613, Mic 3'2; iu.x>w/a = nNrr:, Mic I*; ^tf^, Jos 13" ; B«i^, 1 S 912- 13- u- 19 2» 105, 1 Ch 'i^ia mia Lag.), o Cli lU A. Lag.; BoiujiO, Jos 131? l^,._ j ch 21^; 5«t»K. I .s lo'^i Fs TS* (Jer 2B1», Symm., Mio »12, Theod.); 0ffiK, Is 15» IBI2' Jer-M 3235 48J5, ,Viu7», Hos 10" ; iJij«, Job »•< ; a**.,, EjJt 16>6 ; ipvtiof, Ezk 3(p ; Ovncirri/un, 2 Ch 14^ ; !r-^Ol, Dt 3213 ; ;ui'o.-, 2 K 2315; fiiritpx, 2 K 123 li*. Lag. ; t7^, = rf-, 2 K 23li 13 ; rri.X^. Lv 2630, .Vu 212S 22« 3352; i-i,y,Ut, Ps 1S3J ; ;^^,;XtT«r..-, 1 K 3^ ; O^K. 2 S 119- ss 22»», Am 413, Mio 13 ('r.r:^-^-J, Is 14" = 1t««»1. In some other passages the LXX reoderings prob. rest on a different text from AIT.
I. The original signification of the word cannot now be exactly determined, but that it denoted ' high, rising ground ' is probable for the following rc.'isuiis : — (a) The corresponding word in Assyr. (binni'itu, pi. bnmAti) \s said to me;in 'height.' Del. (Assyr. Hwb.) renders ' Hohe (opp. Thai), fi-i-ru bn-ma-a-ti Feld und Hohen.' (b) We read of people 'going up' to (IS 9'"-'', Is 15-) and 'coming down' from (IS IC 9^) a high place. (r) .t;j is used to explain n=-j n-jii ' high hill ' (Ezk '20^).
II. In poetical language the word is used quite generally to denote the mountain fastnes.ses of the land, which ensure dominion to their holder (F.zk 36-). In this sense it is used of Israel (Dt 32" 3.3-», Is 58"; cf. 2S 22»' = Ps 18^, Hab 3'"); of God (Am 4", Mic P; cf. .lob 9* 'the waves,' mar";, 'heights,' RVm 'high places,' 'of the sea'; cf. also Is 14" ' heights,' lit. 'high places,' 'of the clouds,' of the king of Babylon). But much more frequently it signifies 'high places' as places of religious worship. That these were the customary and legitimate ])laces of worship for the Isr. until the 7th cent, there is abundant evidence. Samuel was accustomed to sanction such worship by his presence ami blessing (1 S 9'^ "••■'•"). They were -situated on the outskirts of the city (1 S 9^"lO'- ''). In the days of Solomon 'the people sacrificed in the high places' (1 K 3"). Solomon himself, we are told, ' sacrificed and burnt incense in the high places' (IK 3^), and, in particular, at Gibeon 'the great high place' (1 K 3''). The .same is true of the reigns ot Rehoboam (1 K 14-^), .Jeroboam (1 K 12"- 'i 132-32.»3)_ Asa (1 K IS"), Jehoshaphat (1 K 22«), .lehoash (2 K I'2'), Amaziah (2 K 14'), Azariah (2 K 15'), Jotham |2 K 15'^), Ahaz (2 K 16*), and Elijah laments bitterly that the local sanctuaries of J* had been destroyed (1 K 19"'-"). True, the compiler of the Bks. of Kings looks upon the worship at high places as a stain ujion the government of these rulers, and sees in it addi- tional ground for condemnation of the apostate kings (e.q. Mana.sseh, 2 K 21'), and one cause of the captivity of the northern tribes (2 K 17""); but this is due to his inability to recognize that a custom which in his own day was under the ban of the ceremonial law, had ever been legitimate in monarchical times. It may seem strange per- haps that in the Bks. of Kings this worsliip should meet with such condemnation, whilst in Samuel the man}' allusions to it are pas.sed over unnoticed j but this is explained bv the fact that the editors of tliese books were inlluenced by the tlieory that such worship at high places was lawful iK-fore the erection of Soloimm's Tcm]ile, hut was inexcusable afterwards ; cf. 1 K 3' ' Only the people sacrificed in the liigh places, because there was no house built for the name of the Lord until those d»ys.' In the pa.s,sage8 already cited, high places "ar«