HIN.— See Weights and Measures.
HIND.— See Haet.
HINGE (TS ztr, Arab, sa'ir, a pivot).— There seems to have been anciently only one kind of hinge in Syria, the pivot and socket. Doors of houses in Lebanon are made of wood, and gener- ally the pivots on which the doors turn are projections of a piece of wood which runs the whole length of the door, and is called the siydr. The pivots themselves are called by the carpenters siis, and are always of wood ; they turn generally in sockets of iron, but sometimes a hole is made in a stone for the lower socket, and one is bored in the lintel for the upper.
On the east of the Jordan, in the Hauran, ancient buildings have been found in which the doors are made of one slab of stone, the projecting pivots being of stone also. The sockets are holei
HIXNOM, VALLEY OF
HIX'XOM, VALLEY OF
385
liored in the stone lintel anil tlireshold. In 1 K 7™ na is the .mc/.xl. (l''or a good illustration of an ancient door socket [of Sargoii I.] see llilpreeht, licccnt licucarchcs in liibU Lands, i>. 93).
BOOBS OP LEBASOS nOUSES, SnOWIXO PrVOIS ASD LOCK.
Tlie anciont Eg:>'p. hinp;o consisted of a .socket of metal with a projecting pivot, into which the cornir of tho door was inserted. This kind is not common in fSyria. AV. C.\u.sL.\\v.
HINNOM, VALLEY OF, al<o called Valley of the Son of H., Valley of the Children of H. (:!ri -a .los l.r Is'", Nrh U'"'; el>e\vliore [eXfept in 2K 'j:i'", vli.Ti! Ktlliihk has a -in •:] alwavs '.t;i "3 •los 15» ls"i, arh '>>>? 33", .Jer' 7-''-='' l'."--" 3-.'").— lliiiiicini is mentioned in tlio UT iiivariaMy in con- nexion with the term gni [construct <jc} (ravine), the Kidron bein^ called tm/inl, and the vale of lU'pliaini '<"hi<7,-. It seems pvohahle that fi"i de- notes the channel or course throii;,'h which water may make its way in the hills, ami tlius in Pales- tine lieinmes a ra\iiie in the mountains; hut the word cannot hy itself ho taken to mean any par- ticular nature of ravine. It is used, in coniradis- tiriction to mountains, to denote valleys or depres- Bions ( Is 40').
All/fill is the exact equivalent of the modem vi'i'lij. .See l!i;OOK. It is used of the dee]) ;.'or;.'es of the rivers Arnon and .lahhok, and of thesliallow windy stream of the 'river of li'^ypt' {WUily cl- •Jr,.s7,).
'Kiii'k is a broad valo fit for flowers (Ca 2'), for rorn land (I's CO"), for battluliclda (Job 39='). i""' thariots (Is 'i'2').
VuU II.— -S
It has been suggested by Rirch (PEFSI, 1S78, p. 179) that these three names represent the three valleys which encompass .lerusalem, cast, centre, and west, in the order they are given in the OT, viz.: — niilfdl, Kidron; ijtti, Tyroj/ieon or HInnom; 'cinck, llephaim ; but, unfurluiiately, this easy solution of a very dillicult (iuestion does not .satisfy the conditions.
Altbough the same appellative is used in the OT for a particular portion of a valley, there seems no ri^ason against tlie various lengths of a v.alley being called wilutl, (j"i, and 'fine/: in succession accord- ing to the rei|uireuients of the case; and it is obvious that w hen the branches of a valley have tliese dillerent names, the portion below the junc- tion must dill'er in name from one or other of them, bt.anley (.S'P, Appendi.x, p. 482) points out that in 1 a 17-V"i('/.; and (/"i seem to be used con. vertibly, and .suggests that the 'vmel: 'of tha terebin'lh ' contracted into a gai in its descent towards the jilain of IMiilisti.a. It is suggested that in this case the 'dnrk 'of the tereliinth' (Valley of Klah) was the designation of the valley generallj-, while the separate portions were termed <7'/i, etc., accinding to their character. At the "present daj' the Arabs are in the habit of giving descriptive names to each reach of a v.alley, in adilition to the general name for the whole valley. Whatever view is taken of the jiosition of the valley of llinnoin, all writers concur in its extend- ing to the junction of the three valley.s of Jeru- .salenv below Siloani, i.e. there must be one sjiot below Siloam wliicli all .agree in making a ])ortiuu of the valley of llinnom. It is suggested that the valley of llinnom does not end here, but is the name of llie w lH>le valley ( ]Viii/i/ en-ydr), extend- ing from the north of Jerusalem to the Dead .Seij. The ]ioint, then, which rei|uires to be cleared up is w hether it is the eiust valley or Kidron, the centre valley or Ti/ropuion, or the west valley or Wixdy er-Jinhfihefi.
It is stated (Xeh II*") that on the return of the children of .ludah after tin? Captivity, they 'en- camped from lieershelia unto the valley of llinnom' — where the f/ni of lliiniom may be the U'lidi/ en- Xai; extending from Jeru.salem to the Dead Sea. The valley of II. was near the gate llarsith of Jerusalem (Jer 19-'), which in AV is tr' 'east gate' (.\Vm 'sun gate), and in RVm 'gate of potsher.ls.' It is staled (1 Vh 4-') that the potters 'dwelt with the king for his work,' possibly near the king's jiahue at the .southern side of tlie temple near the water gate, above the Kidron.