MATRED (77»2, Ball compares the Arab. mitrad, ‘a short spear’).—The mother-in-law (?) of Hadar (Gn) or Hadad (Ch), one of the kings of Edom, Gn 36° (A Marpalé)=1 Ch 1% (A Ματράδ). In Gn the LXX and Pesh. make Matred the son not the daughter of Me-zahab, which is accepted by Ball, who reads 13 instead of MT na. Kittel is not indisposed to accept the same reading in Ch, thus making Matred a masculine name.
J. A. SELBIE.
MATRITES (yen=the Matrite; B Marrapel, A Marrapel and Marrapelr).—A family of the tribe of Benjamin to which Saul belonged (1S 10”), The readings of the LXX point rather to a°form “ep (Mattarite). KJostermann would substitute ‘of the family of M.’ for ‘the son of a Benjamite’ inlS9 J. F. STENNING.
MATTAN (jmp ‘a gift’; more usually, with explicit addition of the divine name, in the form Mattaniah).—41., (Ματθάν Luc., Μαγθάν B, Μαχάν A; in Ch Ματθάν without variation). Priest of the temple of Baal in Jerusalem during the reign of Athaliah. He lost his life with the queen, when she was deposed (2 Καὶ 1118, 2 Ch 2317, Ahab, presumably at the instigation of his Phcenician wife Jezebel, built a temple for the worship of Baal in Samaria (1 K 16%). Their daughter Atha- liah was probably founder of this temple in Jeru- salem. Possibly, therefore, Mattan was not a Judean. The name is (Gesenius, HWB),
2. (Nadav B, Μαθθάν Q™s). Named only as the father of Shephatiah, S contemparery of the prophet Jeremiah (Jer 38'). . B. STEVENSON.
MATTANAH (προ; LXX Mavéavaely B, -νίν A, -vév F*; Eus. Maé@avéu).—A station mentioned only Nu 21'*-% It was on the route from the Arnon to the plains of Moab, and would therefore be to the E. of the Dead Sea and N. of the Arnon. No satisfactory identification has been made; but if the position assigned to it by Eusebius (Onom. p. 169 and p. 274, ed. Lagarde), 12 Roman miles to the E. of Medeba, be correct, the course taken by the Israelites must have been farther to the E. than is generally supposed.*
A. T. CHAPMAN.
*In an article on the ‘Song of the Well’ in the New World
known as Pheenician
MATTANIAH
MATTHEW, APOSTLE 298
MATTANIAH (733n>).—1. The original name of king Zedekiah, 2 K 247 (B Μαθθάν, A MeO@avias). 2. Asaphite, 1 Ch 9% (B Mavé@avias, A Mar- Gavias), leader of the temple choir, Neh 11” (B Μαθανιά, A Maé@avias) 128 (b Μαχανιά, A Μαθανια), door-keeper 12%-*% (B Ναθανιά, A Μαθθανιά). 8. Mattaniah, a descendant of Asaph, was, according to 2 Ch 20 (B Μανθανίας, A Ματθανίας), contem- porary with Jehoshaphat, but this name should probably be identified with the preceding. 4 8. 8. 7. Four of those who had married foreign wives, Ezr 10% (B Μαθανιά, A Mad@and, called in 1 Es 957 Matthanias), v.27 (B ᾿Αλαθανιά, A Μαθθανιά, called in 1 Es 9% Othonias), v.% (B Μαθανιά, A Μαθθανιά, called in 1 Es 9%! Matthanias), v.27 (B Μαθανιά, A Μαθθανιά, combined in 1 Es 9* with the follow- ing Mattenai into "Mamnitanemus). 8. A Levite who had charge of the offerings, Neh 13% (B Ναθανιά, A Mad@avlas), 9. (imjn>) A Hemanite, 1 Ch 25“ (B Mavéavias, A Ματθανίας). 10. (37730) An Asaphite, 2 Ch 29 (B Μαθθανίας, A Mar@avias).
MATTATHA (Marraéd).—Son of Nathan and cep ag of David, according to the genealogy of
MATTATHIAS (Ματταθίας), the equivalent of the Heb. Mattithiah (ayppp iaynAp). 1. AV Matthias, a Jew, who had married a foreign wife in the days of Ezra (1 Es 933). In Ezr 10% the name is given as Mattattah, AV Mattathah (nna). See GENEA- LoGy. 2. One of the men who stood at the right hand of Ezra during the reading of the law (1 Es 9); in Neh 84 Mattithiah. See GENEALOGY. 3. The father of the five Maccabean brothers (1 Mac οι. 14. 16f. 19. 24. 27. 39. 45. 49 14”), See MACCABEES. 4, The son of Absalom, a captain in the army of Jonathan the Maccabean, who, together with Judas the son of Chalpi, stood by his commander durin the flight of the Jews at the battle of Hazor, can helped to turn the fortunes of the day (1 Mac 117°). 5. son of Simon the high priest, who was murdered, together with his father and brother Judas, at a banquet at Dok, by Ptolemy the son of Abubus (1 Mae 161%), 6. One of three envoys sent by Nicanor to treat with Judas Maccabzeus when he invaded Palestine in B.c. 161 (2 Mac 1419), Negotiations on the part of Nicanor are mentioned also in 1 Mac 7*7-*!, but it is there stated that they were immediately broken off by Judas, who discovered that they were only a treacherous device for getting possession of his person. 7. The son of Amos in the genealogy of Jesus Christ
(Lk 3”). 8. The son of Semein (AV Semei) in the same genealogy (Lk 3”). H. A. WHITE. MATTATTAH (npm>).—One of the sons of
Hashum, whe had married a foreign wife, Ezr 1033 (B’A@d, A Ma@éaéd), called in 1 Es 93. Matta- thias.
MATTENAI (‘j3n>).—1. 2. Two of those who had married foreign wives, Ezr 10" (B Μαθανιά, A Maé- θαναί, called in 1 Es 9* Maltanneus), v.*’ (B Ma@avdy, A Maééaval, combined in 1 Es 9* with the pre- ceding Mattaniah into Mamnitanemus). 3. Repre- sentative of the priestly house of Joiarib in the days of Joiakim, Neh 12 (BX* A om., x δ ™8 if Madééaval).