Saul was married to Ahinoam, the daughter of Ahim.'iaz (1 S H*"). Most of his sons died at his side (31-') ; but one at least, Ishbaal or Ishbosheth (which see), escaped from CJilboa to meet a sadder fate (2 S 4"). A son of Jonathan, Mephibosheth (which see), appears in the history of David (2S0'"- ]9="'), and from him the Chronicler (1 Ch 9"") derives a long line of descendants. It was one of Dean Stanley's suggestions which requires nothing except proof, that as Zimri anpears in that list, the rebellion of 1 K 16" may tiave been the last ell'ort of the fallen house to recover its positicm. Saul also left issue t)y a subordinate wife (2 S 21"), for whose fate see KizPAH.
It U difllcult to accept the computation ol Ac 1.321, which niAkoa the ienjfth of thiB llrst rei^n in lurael 40 j'cars. Fr>r, within two years o( hia fatlier's iicceswion, .lonattian waa able to lca*l troops into hattle (1 S 131-3), a fact wliich arjfuca lor Saul an age of 40 ycara at his 'coronation,' and it is ahnost ImpoRMihle to believe that it was a man of 80 years of ajje who toiiflit at Mount Oilboa. Josephus (Ant. x.'viii. 4, vi. liv. ft) fives the lenf^th of the reiicn ui 20 years. Wliile this may be
tho question and a KOod statement of \ts difflculty, see Smith, IKllll, 400 (t., (176. and cf. ArliRK, No. 3. It is just p08sil>le that Bethshan was the o))Jet-tive of t>olh forees, and that tiie Philistines •outfht to relieve, the Israelites to cover, the 8iei;e of the town.
merely a giiess, It does not present the above difficulties, and OL'rees with the fact that Islibaal was 4i) yeant old at his father'l death.
See, further, Bkv.tamix, David, and the Litera- ture at end of the latter article. 2. Saul of Tarsus. See Paul.
A. C. Welch. SAVARAN.— 1 Mac 6« AV. See Avaran.
SAVE, SAVING. — Both 'save' and 'saving (from Fr. saiif, its force being seen in saiif vmn (Iruit, ' my right being reserved,' see Skeat, Elijmol. Diet. 3.V.), in the sense of exixvt, frequently occur in AV. Thus Ps 18" ' For w-ho is Uod save the Lord ? ' ; Lk 18'" ' None is good, save one, that is God ' ; Dt 15^ ' Save when there shall be no poor among you'; Ac 20-^ 'Save that the Holy tihost witnesseth in every city'; Neh 4''^ 'None of us put oil' our clothes, saving that every one put them off for washing'; Ec 5" 'What good is there to the owners thereof, saving (Dx •?) the [beholding] of them with their eyes ? '
The phrase ' to save one alive ' (Gn 1212 ijoa), Ex ll'- 18 22 etc.) is used 8ynon>-mously with 'to Iceep one alive' (Gn 61^-20 "a^ Jos 1410 etc.), or 'to preserve one alive' (Dt &^), the Heb. being a causative form of .i;n 'to be alive.' Cf. -Mt 281-' Tind. ' If this come to the rulers earea, we wyll pease him, and save you harmeles.' J. HASTINGS.
SAYIAS (B cm., A Zaovlas), lE8 8''=U2zi, an ancestor of Ezra ; cf. Ezr 7*.
SAVIOUR.— See Salvation.
SAVOUR, SAVOURY.— Savour comes from Lat. sapor taste (from snpere to taste) through the Old Fr. savour (mod. saveur). It was used first of all, in iccordance with its derivation, for the taste or relish of a thing ; then it passed to the expression of the kindred sense of smell ; and from this it was easily used in the fig. sense of name or reputation. All these uses are found in AV.
(1) Taste: Mt 5'» || Lk W* 'If the salt have lost his savour {/lupavdy), wherewith shall it be salte<l?' {a\ttr$r}a€Tai ; in Lk ipTv6r,<j(Tai, EV 'be seasoned'). The tr. in both places is from the Geneva version of 1557. The meaning is probably more than mere taste, rather 'virtue,' its power to make food 'savoury' (.see the quotation from Udall's Erasmus at tho end of this art.).
(2) Smell: Jl 2"° 'His stink shall come up, and his ill savour shall come up' (iniqs. Gov. ' his lylthy corrupcion,' Gen. ' his corruption ') ; elsewhere in OT always ' sweet savour ' (itob. n-i, except Ezr 6'" 'sacrifices of sweet savcmrs,' Aram. |'n\n"i). In the Apocrypha evuSlais rendered a ' good savour ' in 1 I'^s l'-', a ' sweet savour ' in Sir 35° 38" ; other examples of the word are 2 Es 2'- ' for an ointment of sweet savour ' {in odorem unguenti). Sir 39'* ' give ye a sweet savour ' ((vuBiaaoiTt dafi-fi"), 50" ' a sweet- smelling savour' [6<rfLiiv evwSiat). In NT euwSia is tr. ' sweet savour ' in 2 Co 2'°, and 6<x/j.^ (vuSlat is tr. 'a sweet-smelling savour' in Eph 5'' (but in Ph 4" 'an odour of a sweet smell'); elsewhere we find ia-ii-fi alone, 2 Co 2'* ' the savour of his know- ledge,' i.e. the sweet smell of the knowledge of God ((Sir/ijji' T^s yyuxTfui airroO) ; and 2'° 'To one we are the savour of death unto death ; and to the other the savour of life unto life ' (ofs fiiv, 6ir^^ 6avdTov eU Odvarov' oU Si, dufiij i'wJJs f/s fwijf ; edd. iii.sert ix before Oai/aTov and before s""")'. whence KV 'from death . . . from life'). Cf. Mandeville Travels (in ' Macniillan's Lib. of. Eng. Classics, p. 113), 'And at the foot of that mount is a fair well and a great, that hath odour and savour of all spices'; Jn 1'2' Wye. 'the hous was fulfillid of the savour of the oynemento ' ; Jer 48" Gov. ' hir taist reinayneth, and bir savoore is not yet