The Lucianic recension is of the highest value * Olkonomos, Iv. 99, wishes to road Ammmwh.
446
SEPTUAGINT
SEPTUAGINT
for the textual criticism of tlie Hebrew OT ; for tlie Hel)row MSS, used by Lucian at Antioch, seem to liave been liilferent from those whicli were at Origen's (iis|iosal, furtlier removed from the traditional Hebrew text ; but it must not be con- founded, as its editor P. de Lagarde was careful to warn ua (see especially Mittheilungen, ii. 171), with the Septuagint. On the question, whether among the materials used for his revision the Syriac version was also included, and the other, how his revision is related to the Latin versions. Bee Nestle, Intivd. p. 182. * The statement that his autograph copy in 3 columns was, after his martyrdom, found at Nicomedia, we see no reason to doubt (against Sw. p. 85). t
No express statements emanating from later times are known to the present writer regarding attempts to revise fli. That the emperor Constantine ordered 50 Bibles for his churches from Eusebius, and that Athanasius procured for Constans irvirrla Tuv 0tluv 7po(/i(2i/, may be mentioned in this con- nexion. Later emperors and empresses showed their religious zeal partly by waiting copies with their own hands. The history of G passed on to the nations, which received it in the form of translations.
vi. VERSIO.VS made from the SEPTUAGINT.—
If we are to trust the statement of Zosimus Pano- politanus (see Oikonomos, ii. 328), the Hebrew Bible was translated for Ptolemy at one and the same time into Greek and into Egj-ptian ; but Latin, not Egyptian, was probably the first language into whuh ffi was translated.
On the Latin versions of (5 see the exhaustive article of H. A. A. Kennedy in vol. iii. p. 47 &. X The most important addition to note is the publica- tion of Hcptateuchi partis pontenoris vcrsiu latina antiquissima e codire Luqdunensi par Ulysse Robert (Lyon, 1900, 4°). This discovery, already noticed by Kennedy (p. 49), called by McLean the most important event of the past decade in con- nexion with Sept. studies {JThSt, ii. 30.5), shows the mixed character of the Latin Bible text, already acknowledged by Kennedy, in the mo.st striking way ; no Greek MS or group of MSS being known to which this Latin text adheres persistently. And the second, not less puzzling feature of these Latin texts becomes once more apparent, namely their variety. Cf., for instance, Dt 31 in the L[ugdun- ensis], M[onacensis], and W[irceburgensis].
V." Kari^fxjiia comestio L
devoratio M interitus W. Koi ffX/V'ij(-e«) et tribulatio L
et tribulationes W omitted altogether M.
v.* Kal i^nr\i)a64vTei Kop-qaovai
et repleti recedent (=xi^irh<'ov(ri) L et sjitiati desiendent ludentes M
( = ;^opet''(roi'(Ti, or ira/j"ofTcy) et saturati alienabuutur W.
• E. Klostermann {Origenes' HVrte, iii. p. xi) promisee an In- vestii^alion on the Jeremiah text used by Orijren, which a^'rees frequently with the group of MSS which are considered as Lucianic. Adam Mez {Die Bibfi de« Joacphus untermchl /iir Buck v.-vii. der Archaologu, IJasel, 1895) notices that the Bible used by Josephus shows in Judges and Samuel many agreementa with Lucianic readings, and presupposes, therefore, an * Ur- Lucian.' The paper on ' Lucian's recension of the Septuagint* {Church Qiiarterty Review, Jan. 1901, pp. 37S)-398) came to the knowledge of the present writer too late to be used for this article.
t On a copy going back to Basil, see SyncelluB (Chronogr. p.
382); i. ■»/ di et*riyp<x^ ktcir iixpi^nfMtai M»ret r< vriyn,jt met* wparmiioL,, ix vrit i* }\.our*puai ^tSkidbiiXritj i> w s«j irlytyfiarrrt, it iutytit xai 0iro( RaWXuof, toe i£ Z* ucf'va (tTI/Aa^, «»ri^aA^v
itMpSifar*. In this copy Syncellus foimd 28 («*i ) years for the reign of ts«ii in 2 K 16^. This number ia found to-day in the MSS 55, 6«, 84, 119, 245, 246.
J The influence which O exercised on the formation of the mcdiajval Ronmii and even Teutonic languages through the medium of the Latin Bible version can be only hinted at. Even words of C(in*mon life like oanap^, eidre, find their origin ulti- DlaU:l.^ ill i3.
In the Bk. of Judges the new text side j regularly with A against B ; in some cases (1° 5*'- *>) it alone offers what seems to be the original reading (see McLean, I.e.). On Wisd., Sirach, Esth., Job, Judith, 1 and 2 Mac, Pas.sio Maccaba-orum, Bar., 3 Es., Cant., see Ph. Thielmann, ' Bericht iibei das gesanimelte handschriftliche Alaterial zu einer kritischen Ausgabe der lateinischen Ueberset- zungen bibli.scher Bucher des alten Testamentes' (Silzungsberlrkte der K. buyer. Akad, d. Wisi. 1899, Bd. ii. Heft 2, pp. 205-243).
On the Egyptian versions see Forbes Robinson in vol. i. p. 668 ff. There is but one important addition to mention — The earliest known Coptic Psalter, edited by Wallis Budge (Lond. 1898). F. E. Briglitman (JThSt, ii. 275) has shown that it represents the complete Greek text, of which U contains fragments, and that it has some remark- able readings, which do not occur in the common Greek text but only in Latin documents, e.g. i^aal- \evafr diri liJXou in Ps 95'", which is quoted from Justin onwards. Cf. further, Lieblein, ' Thebansk- Koptick Oversaettelse af Da\-ids 89. 90 Psalme' (Academy of Christiania, 1896); W. E. Crum, 'Coptic Studies' in Eg. Expl. F. Rep. for 1897, 1898).
On the Ethiopie versions gee R. H. Charles in vol. i. p. 791. With the fact quoted tliere that the Ethiopie Bible at no time contained the books of Maecaoees, compare the parallel fact that they are unknowTi also to the Canon in the 39th festal letter of Athanasius and in Codex B, which is con- nected by Rahlfs ^vith Athanasius {GGN, 1899, i. p. 72).